The expression of Terpenoid Indole Alkaloid (TIAs) pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus in response to salicylic acid tr
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The expression of Terpenoid Indole Alkaloid (TIAs) pathway genes in Catharanthus roseus in response to salicylic acid treatment Narges Soltani1 · Farhad Nazarian‑Firouzabadi1 · Alireza Shafeinia2 · Ayeh Sadat Sadr3 · Masoud Shirali4,5 Received: 26 April 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Vinblastine and vincristine are two important anti-cancer drugs that are synthesized by the Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids (TIAs) pathway in periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus). The major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry is the low production rate of these Alkaloids. TIA pathway is affected by elicitors, such as salicylic acid (SA). This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of some key genes in TIAs pathway under SA treatment. Foliar application of SA (0.01 and 0.1 mM) was used and leaves samples were taken at 0, 12, 18, 24 and 48 h after the treatment. qRT-PCR was used to investigate the expression pattern of Chorismate mutase (Cm), tryptophan decarboxylase (Tdc), Geraniol-10-hydroxylase (G10h), Secologanin synthase (Sls), Strictosidine synthase (Str), Desacetoxyvindoline-4-hydroxylase (D4h) and Deacetylvindoline-4-O-acetyltransferase (Dat) genes, following the SA treatment. The results of this experiment showed that transcript levels of Tdc, G10h, Sls, Str, D4h and Dat genes were significantly up-regulated in both SA concentration treatments. Furthermore, the highest transcript levels of Dat was observed after 48 h of the SA treatments. qRT-PCR results suggests that SA induces transcription of major genes involved in Alkaloids biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus. It can be concluded that up-regulation of Tdc, G10h, Sls, Str, D4h and Dat genes can result in a higher production rate of Vinblastine and vincristine Alkaloids. Keywords Elicitor · Gene expression · Salicylic Acid · Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids · TIAs pathway · qRT-PCR Abbreviations AS Anthranilate synthase CM Chorismate mutase DAT Deacetylvindoline-4-O-acetyltransferase D4H Desacetoxyvindoline-4-hydroxylase G10H Geraniol-10-hydroxylase RSP9 40 s ribosomal protein S9 * Farhad Nazarian‑Firouzabadi [email protected] 1
Production Engineering and Plant Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, P.O. Box 465, Khorramabad, Iran
2
Production Engineering and Plant Genetics Department, Ramin Agriculture and Natural Resource University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran
3
Aquaculture Research Center‑South of Iran, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ahvaz, Iran
4
Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Hillsborough BT26 6DR, UK
5
School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AJ, UK
SA Salicylic acid SLS Secologanin synthase STR Strictosidine synthase TDC tryptophan decarboxylase TIAs Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids
Introduction Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), a member of Apocynaceae family, is an important medicinal plant native to Madagascar [1, 2]. It
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