The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century

This book addresses the interface of the British Foreign Office, foreign policy and commerce in the twentieth century. Two related questions are considered: what did the Foreign Office do to support British commerce, and how did commerce influence British

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Foreign Office,

Commerce and British Foreign Policy

in the

Twentieth Century Edited by JOHN FISHER, EFFIE G. H. PEDALIU and RICHARD SMITH

The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century

John Fisher  •  Effie G.H. Pedaliu  •  Richard Smith Editors

The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century

Editors John Fisher School of History University of the West of England Bristol, United Kingdom

Richard Smith Foreign & Commonwealth Office London, United Kingdom

Effie G.H. Pedaliu LSE, LSE IDEAS London, United Kingdom

ISBN 978-1-137-46580-1    ISBN 978-1-137-46581-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-46581-8 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016956478 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2016 The author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identified as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © Heritage Image Partnership Ltd/Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Macmillan Publishers Ltd. The registered company address is: The Campus, 4 Crinan Street, London, N1 9XW, United Kingdom

Contents

1 Introduction   1 John Fisher, Effie Pedaliu, and Richard Smith 2 “A Kind of Black Hole”?: Commercial Diplomacy Before 1914  25 T.G. Otte 3 In Pursuit of National Security: The Foreign Office and Middle Eastern Oil, 1908–39  69 Fiona Venn 4 The De Bunsen Mission to South America, 1918  89 John Fisher 5 The Age of Illusion? The Department of Overseas Trade Between the Two World Wars: Three Case Studies 115 Miklos Lojko 6 Sir Ronald Lindsay, the British Government and the Reparation (Recovery) Act, 1927–8 141 Gaynor Johnson v

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Contents

7 Imperial Solutions to International Crises: Alliances, Trade and the Ottawa Imperial Economic Conference of 1932