The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

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The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism Sanghee Park1,3 · David D. Church1   · Carlene Starck2   · Scott E. Schutzler1 · Gohar Azhar2   · Il‑Young Kim3   · Arny A. Ferrando1   · Paul J. Moughan2   · Robert R. Wolfe1  Received: 4 May 2020 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020

Abstract Purpose  The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods  Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males (N = 6) and females (N = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results  Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine (P