The Influence of Taurine Supplementation on Serum and Tissular Fe, Zn and Cu Levels in Normal and Diet-Induced Insulin-R
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The Influence of Taurine Supplementation on Serum and Tissular Fe, Zn and Cu Levels in Normal and Diet-Induced Insulin-Resistant Rats Ewelina Król 1
&
Monika Okulicz 2
&
Justyna Kupsz 3
Received: 30 December 2019 / Accepted: 26 February 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Taurine (Tau) is a β-sulphonated amino acid postulated to improve glucose homeostasis in insulin resistance and diabetes. Changes in carbohydrate metabolism are accompanied by oxidative stress, which may disturb the mineral balance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Tau supplementation on the levels of trace elements in rats fed either a standard (AIN-93M, 4% fat) diet or a modified high-fat diet (30% fat). For 8 weeks, male Wistar rats were fed these diets supplemented with 3% Tau. Taurine supplementation normalized increased serum insulin concentration and insulin resistance index; however, it did not improve serum CRP concentration in high-fat diet fed rats. The high-fat diet supplemented with Tau decreased the renal and splenic Zn levels, but the tissular Fe content did not change. The effect of Tau supplementation on the mineral balance to some extent depended on the fat content in the rats’ diet. The high-fat diet supplemented with Tau decreased the rats’ splenic Zn levels but increased their femur levels. In the group fed the standard diet, Tau reduced the rats’ femur Zn level, whereas their splenic Zn level was comparable. Tau supplementation decreased the renal Cu level and serum ceruloplasmin concentration in the rats fed the standard diet, but this effect was not observed in the rats fed the high-fat diet. In conclusion, supplementary taurine failed to ameliorate disturbances in mineral homeostasis caused by high-fat diet feeding and led to tissular redistribution of Zn and Cu in the rat. Keywords Taurine . High-fat diet . Iron . Zinc . Copper
Introduction In recent years, the incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased mostly due to environmental factors, i.e. improper dietary behaviours and low physical activity, as well as due to genetic factors. However, it is noteworthy that it takes many years for diabetes to develop and the disease often does not have visible symptoms. It is believed that insulin Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02100-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ewelina Król [email protected] 1
Institute of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
2
Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul Wołyńska, Poznan, Poland
3
Department of Physiology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, ul, ul Święcickiego 6, 61-781 Poznan, Poland
resistance in target tissues is one of the first signs of carbohydrate metabolism malfunction. Reference publications provide few descriptions of the mechanisms through which a high-fat diet may lead to insulin resistance. The
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