The Living Ocean Marine Microbiology
I have enjoyed writing this book. Some of my ideas are controversial. Some of them I know to be true though I have not sufficient evidence for a conviction. My intention is that you should realise that microbes will be as important in the future of the ea
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THE LIVING OCEAN Marine Microbiology E.J. FERGUSON WOOD
CROOM HELM LONDON
© 1975 by E.J. Ferguson Wood. Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1975 Croom Helm Ltd, 2-10 St John's Road London SWll ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-7641-5 DOl: 10.1 007/978-1-4684-7639-2
e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-7639-2
CONTENTS
An appreciation by R.E. Johannes PART I COLLECTING INFORMATION
1 2
The Adventure The Equipment
2 9
PART II THE MICROBES OF THE SEA
3 4 5
Perspective and Classification Bacteria, Viruses and Fungi The Phytoplankton
20 37 43
PART III THE PHYSICAL WORLD OF THE OCEAN
6 7
8 9
Sunlight and Life Pressure, Temperature, Salinity, Density and and Chemistry of the Oceans Ocean Currents Food and Webs'
60 67 76 84
PART N THE INSHORE WORW
10 11 12 13
The Life of Estuaries Coloured Microbes in the Estuarine Environment Colourless Microbes in Estuaries Microbes of the Olden Days
92
97 103 111
PART V MARINE LIFE AND MAN
14 15 16
Men as Destroyers of Marine Life Destruction of Man-Made Materials by Marine Microbes Measuring, Stimulating and Utilizing Marine Productivity
INDEX
124 129 133 143
THE LATE E. J. FERGUSON WOOD An appreciation.
The emergence of marine microbiology as a recognized scientific discipline was due to the foresight and industry of a small number of men, among whom the name of the late E. J. Ferguson Wood ranks high. 'Fergie', as he was known by colleagues and students alike, obtained five degrees (including a BA in English and Philosophy) from the University of Queensland. The last of these was an honoraryDSc conferred on him in 1965 in recognition of his many contributions to marine microbiology. His early work was in the area of agricultural pathology, but soon after finishing university he became interested in marine microbiology and obtained a research position at a government marine laboratory near Sydney, Australia. At that time marine microbiology could hardly be called a scientific discipline - virtually nothing was known about the subject and almost no one was working in the area. Today no marine laboratory is complete without a marine microbiological research program and research articles on the subject pour out at the rate of several hundred per year. Many of these articles contain references to Fergie's research and attest to the widespread influence he has had on the field. He himself published five books and well over one hundred scientific articles. Unlike most earlier microbiologists he saw the'big picture' he studied marine microbes not just for themselves, but always visualized how they fit into the grand scheme of ocean community dynamics. His work was by no means restricted to microbiology, however, for he also published on such subjects as fisheries economics, estuarine ecology, scientific English and marine pollution. Fergie was continually generating novel and stimulating hypotheses. He had far more ideas than he and his students could possibly follow up. His writings are full of hin ts and suggestions for research that will stimulate other scientists and help sha
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