The Molecular Genetics of Sepsis: Clinical Epidemiology Considerations

Advances in molecular genetic research are leading to an ever expanding appreciation of the potential role of genetic variation in predisposition to disease. Although initial work focused on single genetic defects in diseases such as Huntington’s chorea [

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J.-L. Vincent

000

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH

Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2000 Edited by J.-L. Vincent

With 155 Figures and 80 Tables

~

Springer

Prof. Jean-Louis Vincent Head Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels Route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium

ISBN 978-3-540-66830-5 ISBN 978-3-662-13455-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-13455-9 ISSN 0942-5381 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microffims or in any other ways and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2000

The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature.

SPIN: 10747434

21/3133-5 4 3 2 1 0- Printed on acid-free paper

Contents

Sepsis and Inflammation The Molecular Genetics of Sepsis: Clinical Epidemiology Considerations (RS Wax and DC Angus)

3

The Role of Interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 During Endotoxemia and Bacterial Infection . . . . . . . (FN Lauw, S]H van Deventer, and T van der Poll)

18

The Apoptotic Response of the Lymphoid Immune System to Trauma, Shock, and Sepsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 (C-S Chung, IH Chaudry, and A Ayala) Modulation of Neutrophil Function in Sepsis . . . . . . . . . . 41 (W Karzai and K Reinhart) Trauma-Induced Immunosuppression: Pathogenesis and Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 (ER Sherwood and A Koutrouvelis) The Influence of Nutrition on Mucosal Immunology and Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 (BL Zarzaur, K Fukatsu, and KA Kudsk) Intestinal Microcirculation: Changes in Sepsis and Effect of Vasoactive Manipulation (LCH Tham, CM Martin, and W] Sibbald) Microvascular Permeability in Experimental Sepsis: Mechanisms, Modulation and Management (S Singh, CP Winlove, and TW Evans)

. . . 72

. . . . . . 80

VI

Contents

Infectious Challenges

Catheter-Related Infections in the ICU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 (P Eggimann and D Pittet) Ecological Impact of Beta-lactam Treatment on Normal Human Intestinal Microflora (C Edlund, M