The molecular mechanism underlying cadmium resistance in NHX1 transgenic Lemna turonifera was studied by comparative tra
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The molecular mechanism underlying cadmium resistance in NHX1 transgenic Lemna turonifera was studied by comparative transcriptome analysis Jie Yao1 · Jinge Sun1 · Yikai Chen1 · Leqian Shi1 · Lin Yang1 · Yong Wang2 Received: 21 May 2020 / Accepted: 6 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals, which poses a serious threat to the environment. Our previous studies revealed that transgenic Lemna turonifera (hereafter mentioned as Transgenic) over expressing Na+/H+ Antiporter (AtNHX1) gene was more tolerant to C d2+ stress than the Wild type plants (WT). To further explore the molecular mechanism underlying cadmium resistance, comprehensive transcriptome analysis and comparison were performed. For RNA-Seq, the trannsgenic and WT were treated with 50 μM CdCl2 for 24 h. In total, 2247 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) including 1195 upregulated and 1052 downregulated ones were discovered between Transgenic and WT samples. The downregulated genes associated with the adventitious root (AR), lateral root (LR) and root hair (RH) initiation might have prevented the root from abscission. Calcium signaling and ROS accumulation were regulated in response to cadmium stress. Moreover, the activation of genes involved in the production of trehalose and R-S glutathione increased the cadmium resistance of duckweed. Downregulation of genes involved in the transport of Cd2+ and upregulation of genes involved in vacuolar sequestration might have resulted in increased tolerance of Transgenic over WT. These findings might provide new ideas for improving plant cadmium resistance and phytoremediation. Key message Comparative transcriptome analysis was applied to study the involvement of NHX1 inCadmium detoxification. The genes associated with root, calcium signal and cadmiumtransports were regulated in transgenic duckweed. Keywords Cadmium · NHX1 · Calcium · Detoxification · Duckweed
Introduction
Communicated by Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho. * Lin Yang [email protected] * Yong Wang [email protected] 1
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
College of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
2
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals, which poses a serious threat to the environment (Nawrot et al. 2006). Cd affects the growth and reproduction of plants by inhibiting the photosynthetic capacity, decreasing the concentration of essential mineral nutrients, disrupting ionic intracellular homeostasis, damaging genomic DNA and inducing of cell death (Li et al. 2015; Akhtar et al. 2017; Charfeddine et al. 2017; Rodrigues et al. 2017; Xu et al. 2018). Cd could be accumulated in humans by taking the polluted food. Therefore, it is important to enhance plant Cd resistance and decrease Cd accumulation. Cd affects plants seriously in morphology, physiology and biochemistry. Plants could
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