The mRNA expression of ompF , invA and invE was associated with the ciprofloxacin-resistance in Salmonella
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The mRNA expression of ompF, invA and invE was associated with the ciprofloxacin‑resistance in Salmonella Xiongwei Du1 · Ying Liu2 · Xiaojie Sun2 · Jianmei Zhao4 · Juan Wang4 · Jianping Li1 · Xuelian Liu2 · Junwei Wang4 · Ye Li3 Received: 8 January 2020 / Revised: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 26 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Salmonella developed drug-resistance under durative antibiotic pressures pressure. The widespread prevalence of Salmonella has been associated with not only drug-resistance but also pathogenicity. Outer membrane porin proteins (OMPs) are critical for the drug resistance of bacteria. Virulence genes in Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) play key roles in the virulence of bacteria. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of three critical genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant strains and ciprofloxacin-susceptible strains of Salmonella, including outer membrane porin protein F (ompF), virulence genes invA and invE. In the clinical ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Salmonella, the expression level of ompF was decreased. Meanwhile, the expression levels of invA and invE were decreased except for only one strain, indicating generally decreased virulence. These results were also verified with ciprofloxacin-induced resistant strains. Thus, it was informative for understanding the drug-resistance in Salmonella. Monitoring drug-resistance and virulence relevant genes would be significant in the prevention and control of salmonellosis. Keywords Salmonella · Drug-resistance · Virulence · ompF · invA · invE
Introduction
Communicated by Erko Stackebrandt. Xiongwei Du and Ying Liu contributed equally to this work. * Xuelian Liu [email protected] * Junwei Wang [email protected] * Ye Li [email protected] 1
College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Feed Microbial Engineering, Technology Center of Beijing DBN Technology Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
3
Dalian Customs of the People’s Republic of China, Dalian 116000, China
4
China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao 266032, China
Salmonella is an important zoonotic pathogen, which has been a threat to both public health and breeding industry of livestock and poultry (Als et al. 2018; EFSA 2018). In recent years, salmonellosis has been frequently reported all around world and the bacteria has been the pathogen causing several food-borne outbreaks (Chousalkar et al. 2017; EFSA and ECDC 2018). The epidemiology of salmonellosis has been investigated and the Salmonella showed the characteristics of expanded drug resistance, increased pathogenicity and enlarged spread scope (Karkey et al. 2018; Li et al. 2018). The prevention and treatment of salmonellosis is mainly based on anti-bacterial therapy. Due to the frequent use of anti-bacterial drugs and additives in animal feeds, the resistance rate of Salmonella is increasing (Karkey et al. 2018). A lot of studies have been performed on investigating the resis
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