Thermal Characteristics, Kinetics, and Volatility of Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge and Rice Husk
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Thermal Characteristics, Kinetics, and Volatility of Co-Combustion of Sewage Sludge and Rice Husk Chengxin Wang 1 & Haobo Bi 1 & Qizhao Lin 1 & Chunlong Jiang 1 & Xuedan Jiang 1 & Kesheng Meng 1 Received: 2 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This work focused on the evaluation of co-combustion of sewage sludge (SS) and rice husk (RH) using thermogravimetric– Fourier transform infrared spectrometry method (TG–FTIR). The thermal behavior was assessed through the combustion characteristic, interaction, kinetics, and gaseous product characteristics. The (co-)combustion process was divided into three stages. Index D exponentially increased as RH blending ratio increased and index S also increased from 10 to 70% RH blending ratio, indicating that the combustion behavior was improved by the RH blending. The activation energy was evaluated by two model-free iso-conversional methods: Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS). The minimum value of average activation energy among blends was obtained at sample with 30% RH blending, which was 103.31 kJ/mol by FWO and 97.81 kJ/mol by KAS. Several typical gaseous products and functional groups were detected by FTIR spectrum. The results showed that CO2 was the main volatile and its yield increased with the RH blending ratio. Keywords TG–FTIR . Co-combustion behavior . Kinetics . Gaseous products . Sewage sludge . Rice husk
Introduction Great attention has been given to the shortage of fossil fuel and increasingly serious environmental problems caused by its combustion [1, 2]. Searching for an alternative fuel that can be applied in the related fields becomes an urgent issue. Sewage sludge (SS) was a typical municipal solid waste produced by the domestic and industrial wastewater treatment processes. In China, there was an annual production of more than 30 million tons SS with 80% moisture content. Furthermore, this statistic would reach 5 × 107 tons annually in 2020 [3]. It is considered that SS contains harmful substances, such as pathogenic microorganisms, non-biodegradable organic compounds, and heavy metals. The application of landfill, dumping, compost, and other methods that seriously threaten the Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-020-10203-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Qizhao Lin [email protected] 1
Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
ecological environment in the past is no longer suitable for the fast-growing production of SS [4, 5]. Combustion not only realizes the reduction reserves and resource utilization (energy recovery) but also reduces the harm to the environment through the centralized treatment of pollutants. This method which meets the policy requirement seems to be the most promising way to deal with these problems [6]. The characteristics of low heat
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