Thermoplastic Blends Based on Poly(Butylene Succinate- co -Adipate) and Different Collagen Hydrolysates from Tanning Ind
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Thermoplastic Blends Based on Poly(Butylene Succinate‑co‑Adipate) and Different Collagen Hydrolysates from Tanning Industry: I—Processing and Thermo‑mechanical Properties Maurizia Seggiani1 · Roberto Altieri2 · Patrizia Cinelli1 · Alessandro Esposito2 · Andrea Lazzeri1
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract In this study, blends of a biodegradable thermoplastic polyester, poly (butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) with two different raw hydrolyzed collagens (HCs), derived from the tannery industry, were investigated in terms of processability, rheological, thermal and mechanical properties. HCs, obtained by alkaline (HCa) and enzymatic (HCe) hydrolysis of the solid wastes generated during the shaving of the tanned leather, were used in PBSA/HC blends, up to 20 wt% of HC, produced by melting extrusion and processed by injection molding. All the blends up to 20 wt% HCs resulted suitable for the injection molding obtaining flexible molded specimens with good tensile properties. The different secondary structure of the two HCs influenced the rheology, morphology and mechanical properties of the produced blends. In particular, HCa, due its higher content of oligopeptides and free amino-acids, showed a good compatibility with the polymeric matrix acting as a plasticizer with consequent reduction of melt viscosity with increasing its loading. The molded dog-bones specimens containing 20 wt% HCa showed a value of elongation at break of 810%. While, HCe, due its higher presence of b-sheet structures, behaved as organic filler, showing a poor interfacial interaction with PBSA with consequent decrease of the tensile properties with increasing its loading. The good processability and satisfactory mechanical properties obtained encourage the use of both investigated collagen hydrolysates in the production of thermoplastic blends and relative molded products for applications in agriculture and plant nurseries, such as pots or small containers with fertilizing properties, due the presence of HCs. Keywords Poly (butylene succinate-co-adipate) · Hydrolyzed collagen · Tannery industry · Thermoplastic blends · Injection molding
Introduction Among the commercially available biodegradable plastics, poly (butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA) is a promising thermoplastic aliphatic polyester with many interesting properties: excellent processability in extrusion, thermoforming, film blowing and injection molding, biodegradability * Maurizia Seggiani [email protected] * Roberto Altieri [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino n. 2, 56122 Pisa, Italy
Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, (ISAFoM-CNR), Via della Madonna Alta 128, 06128 Perugia, Italy
2
in different environments (industrial/home composting and soil), and good mechanical performance similar to that of polyolefins [1–6]. PBSA is a random co-polyester synthetized by the reaction of 1,4-butanediol with alipha
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