Topical Probiotics in Dermatological Therapy and Skincare: A Concise Review
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REVIEW
Topical Probiotics in Dermatological Therapy and Skincare: A Concise Review Katlein Franc¸a
Received: October 27, 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
ABSTRACT Recent studies have produced an increasing body of evidence that the intestinal microbiome plays an essential role in modulating systemic inflammation and skin diseases. The gut microbiome influences and modulates the host immune system, enabling immune tolerance of environmental and dietary antigens and protecting against pathogens. Emerging scientific evidence has demonstrated that oral probiotics can help treat certain skin diseases, such as acne, atopic dermatitis, photoaging, psoriasis, and wound healing. The aim of this paper is to review the current scientific evidence on topical probiotics and their effects on dermatological diseases and skincare and to clarify if the application of exogenous probiotics could also have the same benefit as oral probiotics in promoting positive bacterial balance to treat dermatologic conditions.
Keywords: Acne; Atopic dermatitis; Dermatologic therapy; Skincare; Topical probiotics; Wound healing
K. Franc¸a (&) Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA e-mail: [email protected]
Key Summary Points Over the past decade, there is an increased interest in oral and topical probiotics for skincare and treatment of skin diseases This paper reviews the current scientific evidence on the use of topical probiotics for the treatment of acne, atopic dermatitis, photoaging, skin aging, psoriasis, and wound healing. While new products are released in the market, research groups have been trying to determine their efficacy, mechanism of action, safety, and indications. As science continues to explore the interesting gut–skin axis and the effects of the microbiome on the skin, new studies will clarify the role of topical probiotics on skin disorders and skincare.
DIGITAL FEATURES This article is published with digital features, including a summary slide to facilitate understanding of the article. To view digital features for this article, go to https://doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.13318013.
Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)
INTRODUCTION Probiotics are defined as ‘‘live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.’’ In 1900 Louis Pasteur first identified the microorganisms responsible for fermentation, subsequently bringing health to and promoting the longevity of Bulgarian rural people if they consumed fermented foods such as yogurt and the bacteria they contained. He suggested that ‘‘lactobacilli might counteract the putrefactive effects of gastrointestinal metabolism that contributed to illness and aging.’’ [1] Hippocrates said, ‘all disease begins in the gut,’ and over 2000 years later, science continues exploring this concept [2]. Several basic science and clinical studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiome’s influence extends to distant organs, such as the skin, through complex mechanis
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