Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Environmental Fate, Toxicity, and Remed
The term “total petroleum hydrocarbons” (TPHs) is used for any mixture of several hundred hydrocarbons found in crude oil, and they represent the sum of volatile petroleum hydrocarbons and extractable petroleum hydrocarbons. The petrol-range organics incl
- PDF / 6,330,462 Bytes
- 278 Pages / 439.42 x 683.15 pts Page_size
- 13 Downloads / 233 Views
Petroleum Hydrocarbons Environmental Fate, Toxicity, and Remediation
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
Saranya Kuppusamy • Naga Raju Maddela Mallavarapu Megharaj • Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Environmental Fate, Toxicity, and Remediation
Saranya Kuppusamy Centre for Environmental Studies Anna University Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India Mallavarapu Megharaj Global Centre for Environmental Remediation The University of Newcastle Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Naga Raju Maddela Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Departamento de investigación Universidad Técnica de Manabí Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador Kadiyala Venkateswarlu Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
ISBN 978-3-030-24034-9 ISBN 978-3-030-24035-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24035-6 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Hydrocarbons are made of the elements carbon and hydrogen and are the most abundant organic compounds in the bio-geosphere. Hydrocarbons are formed biosynthetically through living organisms or through the transformation of biogenic organic matter in the geosphere. The exploitation of hydrocarbon-based fossil fuels as energy resources has played an important role in the evolution of industrial revolution and the present modern life of humans. The term “total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs)” is used for any mixture of several hundreds of hydrocarbons that are found in crude oil. Thus, TPHs represent the sum of volatile and extractable petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs). Environmental pollution by PHs, as a result of industrialization and anthropogenic activities, is one of the major growing concerns in the world today due to its potential harms to both
Data Loading...
