Transcriptional regulation of seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana : role of transcription factors and chromati
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Transcriptional regulation of seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana: role of transcription factors and chromatin remodelers Naveen Kumar1 • Aishwarya Chaudhary2 • Deepali Singh2 • Sachin Teotia1 Received: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 Ó Society for Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2020
Abstract Triacylglycerols (TAGs) are derived from ester linkage of fatty acids (FAs) and glycerol and stored by plants in their seeds as carbon and energy resource to help seeds germinate and form self-sustainable seedlings. There are two main steps in TAG biosynthesis—biosynthesis of FAs in plastids and assembly of TAG in the endoplasmic reticulum. FA biosynthesis and TAG assembly is orchestrated by many transcription factors (TFs) which operate in gene regulatory networks by controlling the expression of some key genes coding for enzymes involved in the above processes. This review highlights the role of TFs involved in positive and negative transcriptional regulation of genes involved in accumulation of seed oil in Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, epigenetic regulation of the expression of these key regulators of FA biosynthesis is elaborated. Also, the role of microRNAs in the regulation of target genes, including TFs, involved in FA biosynthesis, is discussed. Altogether, this review focuses on transcriptional regulation by TFs and chromatin remodelers, and posttranscriptional regulation of genes encoding for enzymes involved in FA biosynthesis and modifications by microRNAs. Manipulating the expression of these key factors can help increase seed oil content in oilseed crops. Keywords Transcription factor Fatty acid Gene regulation Chromatin remodeling miRNAs Seed oil Arabidopsis thaliana Abbreviations ABI ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE ACCase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase ACP Acyl carrier protein AP2 APETALA2 AGA15 AGAMOUS-LIKE 15 ASIL1 ARABIDOPSIS SIX-B INTERACTION PROTEIN 1-LIKE1 BADC BIOTIN ATTACHMENT DOMAINCONTAINING BCCP BIOTIN CARBOXYL CARRIER PROTEIN C Carbon CAC2 ACETYL CO-ENZYME A CARBOXYLASE BIOTIN CARBOXYLASE SUBUNIT CDS2 CYTIDINEDIPHOSPHATE DIACYLGLYCEROL SYNTHASE 2
CLF DGAT EGL ENR1 ENO ER FA FatA FAB2 FAE1 FAD FAS FIE
& Sachin Teotia [email protected]; [email protected]
GL2 KAS L1L LEC LPAT LPCAT
1
Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
2
School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida 201312, India
FUS3 GPAT9
CURLY LEAF Diacylglycerol acyltransferase ENHANCER OF GLABRA ENOYL-ACP REDUCTASE 1 ENOLASE1 Endoplasmic reticulum Fatty acid FATA ACYL-ACP THIOESTERASE FATTY ACID BIOSYNTHESIS2 FATTY ACID ELONGATION1 Fatty acid desaturase Fatty acid synthetase FERTILIZATION INDEPENDENT ENDOSPERM FUSCA3 GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE 9 GLABRA2 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase LEAFY COTYLEDON1-LIKE LEAFY COTYLEDON Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase
123
J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol.
MYB MINI3 MUM4 PDAT PDH PGA37 PHE1 PIS PLA PKL SPT SCL TAG TF TT TTG VAL
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