Transcriptome and ionome analysis of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium interactions in sorghum seedlings
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Transcriptome and ionome analysis of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium interactions in sorghum seedlings Zhenxing Zhu
. Dan Li
. Ping Wang
. Jinhong Li
. Xiaochun Lu
Received: 15 October 2019 / Accepted: 24 July 2020 Ó Brazilian Society of Plant Physiology 2020
Abstract Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are essential macronutrients for plant growth and development. Although single N, P, or K starvation responses have been well studied individually at the morphological, physiological and transcriptional levels in many plant species, there is little knowledge about their interaction during the combined NPK starvation response. In this study, we compared sorghum seedling growth performance, nutrient concentrations and gene expression profiles between single N, P, and K and triple nutrient deficiencies (– NPK). The results showed that sorghum seedlings have significantly distinct responses to –N, –P and –K. Plants under –NPK conditions showed highly similar performance as –N-treated plants at multiple levels. Most typical –P- and –K-associated responses were modified in –NPK-treated plants. One common cluster was found between plants treated with –N and –P. Two Pi-deficiency tightly linked clusters were also identified using weighted gene coexpression network analysis. Moreover, we identified several ions transport-
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-020-00183-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Z. Zhu D. Li P. Wang J. Li X. Lu (&) Crops Molecular Improving Lab, Sorghum Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
related genes and possible interactions between nutrients by combined transcriptome and ionome analyses. In this manuscript, we present a comprehensive transcriptome and ionome comparative analysis of sorghum responses to –N, –P and –K and showed –N is apparently prioritized over –P and –K under –NPK conditions. N starvation has a very strong influence on –P and –K responses, and NPK single starvation signaling was integrated into a combined network under multiple nutrient deficient conditions. Keywords RNA-seq Nutrient deficiency Element concentration Gene expression WGCNA
1 Introduction Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) are important macronutrients for plant growth and development, and balanced fertilizer application in agricultural production is the most important factor for improving crop yields (Fageria 2001). To increase crop productivity to feed the world’s growing population, an increasing amount of fertilizers are being used in modern agricultural crop production. The use efficiency of N, P and K fertilizers is low at present; for example, the nitrogen use efficiency is the ratio of total cereal N removed (output) to the fertilizer N applied to cereals (input), the use efficiency of N is only
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Theor. Exp. Plant P
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