Troxerutin protects against DHT-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Troxerutin protects against DHT-induced polycystic ovary syndrome in rats Zixuan Gao1,2†, Xiaochen Ma2,3†, Jing Liu2, Yuhang Ge2,4, Lei Wang2, Ping Fu2, Zhian Liu4, Ruiqin Yao2* and Xiaonan Yan3*
Abstract The exact pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common neuroendocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies suggested that chronic inflammation and neurotransmitter disorder involved in the progress of PCOS. Troxerutin, a natural flavonoid, was reported to possess neuroprotective effect in several disease models by inhibiting inflammation or enhancing neurotrophic factor. In this study, we investigated the possible protective effect and mechanism of troxerutin in a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)induced rat model of PCOS. The PCOS rat models were treated with troxerutin at a dose of 150 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg for up to 4 weeks. Results showed that 300 mg/kg troxerutin significantly decreased the body weight gain and improved the pathological changes of ovary induced by DHT. Meanwhile, the elevated gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotrophin and testosterone in the serum of PCOS rats were reduced with the treatment of troxerutin. The expression of kisspeptin and NKB in arcuate nucleus and their receptors kiss1r and NK3r in GnRH positive neurons of median eminence were markedly decreased in troxerutin-treated rats. Of note, the GnRH inhibitory regulator GABA and stimulatory regulator glutamate were also restored to the normal level by troxerutin. The present study indicated that troxerutin may exhibit a protective effect in PCOS rat model via regulating neurotransmitter release. Keywords: PCOS, Troxerutin, GnRH, LH, Neurotransmitter
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrinopathy with the prevalence estimated to be 6% ~ 20%(depending on the different diagnostic criteria used), making it the most common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age [1]. The diagnostic features of PCOS include androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovaries [1]. Obesity is present in * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Zixuan Gao and Xiaochen Ma contributed equally to this work. 2 Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China 3 Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, 199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou 221000, PR China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
30–60% of PCOS patients, depending on the country of origin [2, 3]. The most consistent biochemical abnormality in women with PCOS is hyper-secretion of androgen, elevated serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and low to normal serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels [4, 5] . Animal models that reflect PCOS features are crucial resources to investigate this syndrome. A chronically 5α-dihy
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