Tunable Corrosion Behavior of Calcium Phosphate Coated Fe-Mn-Si Alloys for Bone Implant Applications
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IN recent years, the biodegradable alloys have been extensively developed in the biomedical field with the purpose to be used as temporary bone implants.[1,2] Their biodegradation properties in a natural corrosive environment such as the human body are used to bypass additional surgical intervention for the implant removal after the completion of the healing process.[3–6] Among the biodegradable metallic materials, the Fe-Mn-Si alloys are the most promising ones due to their appropriate biomechanical compatibility and mechanical reliability with the bone tissues.[7,8] Moreover, they degrade inside the human body faster than pure iron which is known to have relatively lower degradation rate of 0.1 mm year1[8,9] when compared with the magnesium alloys processing with high degradation rates of 2.0 mm year1.[10,11] Additionally, it is also noteworthy
RICHARD DREVET, YULIA ZHUKOVA, PULAT KADIROV, SERGEY DUBINSKIY, ALIBEK KAZAKBIEV, YURY PUSTOV, and SERGEY PROKOSHKIN are with National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Leninskiy prosp. 4, Moscow 119049, Russian Federation. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted April 20, 2018.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
that iron, manganese, and silicon are non-toxic elements for the human body since they are well established to be essential for the body function of all mammals.[3,6] To date, previous studies have shown that the Fe-Mn-Si alloys with manganese contents between 23 and 30 wt pct have the most appropriate biomechanical compatibility with the bone tissues.[8,12,13] Moreover, this range of composition is the most suitable one for microstructural, magnetic, and toxicological considerations.[14,15] To support the bone growth during the healing process, the surface of the Fe-Mn-Si alloys can be coated with bioactive materials such as calcium phosphate ceramics whose chemical composition is similar to the mineral phase of the surrounding bone tissues.[16–18] Several methods can be used to synthesize calcium phosphate coatings onto implant surfaces, e.g., plasma spraying,[19] sol–gel,[20] pulsed laser-deposition,[21] electrophoretic deposition,[22] or electrodeposition.[23] Among these processes, electrodeposition is the most attractive one considering low temperatures involved and a possibility to control the thickness and the chemical composition of the synthesized coatings. The electrodeposition of calcium phosphate coatings has been extensively developed for titanium alloys implants, but very few research works have considered this process for Fe-Mn-Si alloys.[24] However, owing to
insulating characteristics, the bioceramic coating can sufficiently impact the corrosion behavior, i.e., the biodegradability of the Fe-Mn-Si implant material in a physiological environment. This study investigates the impact of electrodeposited calcium phosphate coatings on the corrosion behavior of Fe-Mn-Si alloys immersed in Hank’s solution at 310 K (37 °C), a physiological solution that simulates the inorganic composition of the body flui
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