Calcium-Phosphate X-ray Contrast Cements for Bone Repair
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NOLOGY OF INORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND MATERIALS
Calcium-Phosphate X-ray Contrast Cements for Bone Repair M. A. Medkova, D. N. Grishchenkoa, *, M. A. Klimovb, V. G. Kudryavyia, and V. I. Apanasevichc a
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022 Russia b Primorsky Regional Oncology Center, Vladivostok, 692331 Russia c Pacific State Medical University, Vladivostok, 690054 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received November 7, 2018; revised November 13, 2018; accepted November 27, 2018
Abstract—Calcium phosphate composite cements for bone grafting containing an X-ray contrast agent, (BiO)2CO3, were obtained. Its presence in cement will make it possible to track the process of bone-tissue regeneration. Due to the multicomponent composition of the cement, in which some of the phases are resorbed slowly and others quickly, a prolonged supply of the material involved in osteogenesis is achieved. The resulting cement paste can be injected through the needle of a syringe with an internal diameter of 2 mm, without delamination, due to the introduction of polyethylene glycol as a thixotropic additive. Keywords: osteoplastic materials, calcium phosphate cements, X-ray contrast substances, polyethylene glycol DOI: 10.1134/S0040579520040107
INTRODUCTION The development of methods for producing X-ray contrast cements with improved properties for closing small cavities in bone tissues, as well as treating traumatic genesis cracks, is a popular area of modern medicine. In traumatology and maxillofacial surgery, composite calcium-phosphate cements are used as bone-substituting materials. Bone-tissue regeneration during their use occurs as a result of the gradual resorption of calcium orthophosphates with the involvement of mineral components in osteogenesis. The important advantages of such materials include biocompatibility and low invasiveness of surgical procedures, as well as the possibility of introduction by syringe. To visualize the processes of material introduction and subsequent restoration of bone tissue, cements containing X-ray contrast substances (XCSs) are used. Among XCSs widely used in radiological practice for contrasting vascular formations or closed cavities, iodine-containing substances are widely used. However, the introduction of these compounds is accompanied by a number of side effects. Their toxic effect on blood, kidneys, liver, and thyroid gland has been noted [1, 2]. Bismuth, tantalum, strontium, bromine, fluorine, etc., are studied as elements acting as an XCS [3–7]. Due to its relevance to medicine, the search for effective and safe XCS continues. Bismuth-containing compounds have attractive characteristics. Bismuth compounds have disinfecting, drying, astringent, and antiseptic properties. They treat many nonspecific inflammatory processes.
Many medical preparations based on gallate, tartrate, carbonate, tribromophenolate, bismuth subcitrate, and subsalicylate have been developed [8]. Bismuthcontaining drugs reduce the toxic effect that occurs duri
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