Universal Production Technology of Virus-Containing Material for Manufacturing Live and Inactivated Vaccines against Esp
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Universal Production Technology of Virus-Containing Material for Manufacturing Live and Inactivated Vaccines against Especially Dangerous Livestock Infections V. M. Balysheva, *, S. G. Yurkova, V. I. Balyshevaa, O. G. Laptevaa, I. A. Slivkoa, S. P. Zhivoderova, and A. V. Lunitsina aFederal
Research Center of Virology and Microbiology, Volginsky, Vladimir oblast, 601125 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received March 12, 2020; revised April 17, 2020; accepted April 20, 2020
Abstract—A universal technology for obtaining virus-containing raw material used in the manufacture of vaccine preparations against plague in small ruminants, sheep pox, goat pox, bluetongue disease, and orf (contagious pustular dermatitis) of cattle has been described. The epizootic situation in the Russian Federation and neighboring countries in respect to these diseases, which pose the greatest danger for the introduction of a virus from their territory, has been analyzed. The main technological parameters used in the production of highly active viral raw material required for the manufacture of vaccine preparations are presented. It has been shown that, in the obtained transplantable sublines of cell cultures of sheep kidney and saiga kidney, which are interchangeable, it is possible in one production cycle to obtain 48 dm3 of vaccinated material with an activity of 5.58–6.67 log TCD50/cm3, from which one can produce from 4.5 to 9.0 million doses of vaccine. When using vaccines prepared on the basis of the described technology, the animals developed intense immunity to the indicated diseases. Keywords: vaccines, virus-containing material, cell cultures, livestock, especially dangerous diseases, technology DOI: 10.3103/S1068367420050031
INTRODUCTION The rapidly developing branches of livestock farming in the Russian Federation are dairy and beef cattle breeding and sheep breeding. The government plan to support the livestock industry, along with the modernization of the technology for keeping animals and increasing their genetic potential, includes the provision of practical veterinary medicine with highly effective vaccine preparations [1]. Currently, live and inactivated vaccines are widely used in veterinary practice in many countries of the world [2–5]. Of the diseases of cattle and small cattle of viral etiology, the greatest danger for the Russian Federation are sheep pox (SP), goat pox (GP), ovine rinderpest (PPR), orf (contagious pustular dermatitis) of cattle (CPD), and bluetongue, which are capable of rapid transboundary spread and are characterized by high morbidity [6–9]. At the same time, the lethality in small ruminants with SP, GP, PPR, and bluetongue can reach 50–100%. Of the neighboring countries with which Russia has a common border or close economic ties, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran, Mongo-
lia, and China represent the greatest danger for the introduction of contagious viruses from their territory [10]. In Russia, the most tense situati
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