Urine as a Source of Stem Cells
Traditionally, clinicians and researchers have relied on a skin biopsy or blood extraction as relatively accessible supplies for in vitro cell expansion and biological studies. Perhaps surprisingly, limited attention has been given to a totally noninvasiv
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rine as a Source of Stem Cells Christina Benda, Ting Zhou, Xianming Wang, Weihua Tian, Johannes Grillari, Hung-Fat Tse, Regina Grillari-Voglauer, Duanqing Pei and Miguel A. Esteban Abstract Traditionally, clinicians and researchers have relied on a skin biopsy or blood extraction as relatively accessible supplies for in vitro cell expansion and biological studies. Perhaps surprisingly, limited attention has been given to a totally noninvasive source, urine, which eliminates the discomfort associated with other procedures. This may arise from the perception that urine is merely a body waste. Yet, the analysis of urine is a longstanding fundamental test for diagnostic purposes and nowadays there is growing interest in using urine for detecting biomarkers. In addition, recent work including ours reinforces the idea that urine contains a variety of viable cell types with relevant applications. In this review, we describe those cell types and their potential uses.
Keywords Adult stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Tissue engineering Urinary cells Urine
Reprogramming
C. Benda (&) T. Zhou X. Wang W. Tian D. Pei M. A. Esteban Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou 510530, China e-mail: [email protected] C. Benda T. Zhou X. Wang W. Tian D. Pei M. A. Esteban Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou 510530, China J. Grillari R. Grillari-Voglauer Aging and Immortalization Research, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria J. Grillari R. Grillari-Voglauer Evercyte GmbH, 1190 Vienna, Austria H.-F. Tse Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China H.-F. Tse M. A. Esteban Guangdong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China H.-F. Tse M. A. Esteban Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou, China
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Abbreviations EGF ESCs iPSCs USCs
Epidermal growth factor Embryonic stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cells Urine-derived stem cells
Contents 1 2
Urine as a Cell Source ........................................................................................................ Urine as a Source of Stem Cells ........................................................................................ 2.1 Urine as a Source of Adult Stem Cells ..................................................................... 2.2 Urinary Cells as Donor Cells for Producing iPSCs .................................................. 3 Conclusions.......................................................................................................................... References.................................................
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