Valorization of Fish By-Products Using Reactive Extrusion for Biodiesel Production and Optimization
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Valorization of Fish By‑Products Using Reactive Extrusion for Biodiesel Production and Optimization Dounia Makoure1,2 · Abdellah Arhaliass1 · Adil Echchelh2 · Jack Legrand1 Received: 19 June 2019 / Accepted: 3 October 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract In this paper we present the reactive extrusion process as a method of lipids extraction from by-products of fish. The study focuses on two essential points which are by-product enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of three fish types, and the technical feasibility of producing a biodiesel from the fish lipids. The parameters of extrusion process were optimized in order to extract the more important percentage of oil. The results of the extracted oil from the three fish types were compared with other techniques such as batch process. Following the enzymatic hydrolysis, the chemical composition and the total fatty acids percentage are determined for each fish oil types in order to select the suitable oil for biodiesel production. Then the selected oil goes through transesterification, and we recover the methyl esters. The results of this study show that the enzymatic hydrolysis of the fish by-products by using the reactive extrusion process is interesting. Moreover, the valorization of fish by-products allows the marine waste recycling while producing biofuel. The produced biofuel can be used as an additive in a diesel fuel. Graphical abstract
Keywords Reactive extrusion · Valorization · By-products · Transesterification · Biodiesel Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00840-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Abdellah Arhaliass abdellah.arhaliass@univ‑nantes.fr 1
GEPEA, Université de Nantes, CNRS, UMR 6144, CRTT, 37 Bd de l’Université, 44602 Saint‑Nazaire Cedex, France
Université Ibn Tofail, b.p 133, Av. université, 14000 Kenitra, Morocco
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Statement of Novelty The fish industry produces a lot of by-products that can be valorised in different fields by using several processes. The aim is to extract fish oil from different by-products and to choose the suitable one for biofuel production. This article presents a new economical alternative to synthesize a biofuel from fish by-products which could be used in a standard
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diesel engine. This approach is completely new and offers a high treatment of a fish waste to recover it into valuable product (fuel).
Introduction The process of extrusion consists in conveying raw materials by one or two screws, through a barrel where they experience several thermo-mechanical treatments. These treatments can be generated by mixing, shearing, heating, cooling, shaping, partial drying and blowing. These conditions lead to physicochemical modifications of the extruded materials. The various process parameters determine the thermo-mechanical treatments provided to the raw materials and the final properties of the extrudates [1]. When chemical reactions are voluntary ind
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