Water-Insoluble Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers
Proposed and studied in the mid-1960s, water-insoluble cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin polymers are of continued interest to the scientific community, particularly for their environmental applications. The most characteristic feature of these materials is th
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Water-Insoluble Cyclodextrin- Epichlorohydrin Polymers Grégorio Crini
Contents 8.1 I ntroduction 8.2 S ynthesis of Water-Insoluble Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers 8.2.1 Cross-Linking Reaction 8.2.2 NMR Characterization 8.2.3 Swelling Properties of Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers 8.2.4 Chemical Modification of Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers 8.3 A Brief History of Water-Insoluble Cyclodextrin-Epichlorohydrin Polymers for Environmental Applications 8.4 Elimination of Environmental Contaminants Using Cross-Linked Cyclodextrin Polymers as Adsorbents 8.4.1 Early Works 8.4.2 Organics and Dye Removal 8.4.3 Pollutant Removal Using Modified Cyclodextrin Polymers 8.4.4 Treatment of Organic Substances and Metals Present in Industrial Discharge Waters 8.4.5 Mechanisms of Sorption 8.5 Conclusions References
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Abstract Proposed and studied in the mid-1960s, water-insoluble cyclodextrin- epichlorohydrin polymers are of continued interest to the scientific community, particularly for their environmental applications. The most characteristic feature of these materials is their ability to form inclusion complexes with various contaminants through host-guest interactions. This leads to many environmental applications, including water and wastewater treatment, soil remediation, air purification, and the concentration or elimination of target substances such as cholesterol. In the early 1990s, our group began working on the synthesis of water-insoluble cyclodextrin-based materials, their structural characterization, and their application G. Crini (*) Chrono-environnement, UMR 6249, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France e-mail: [email protected] © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 G. Crini et al. (eds.), The History of Cyclodextrins, Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World 52, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49308-0_8
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in the removal of pollutants present in wastewater. One of the first results published in 1995 concerned the fact that this material was not a true polymer but a copolymer with a particular structure with two different molecular mobilities. In 1997, this was demonstrated for the first time by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. These materials were composed of a relatively dense, rigid, and hydrophobic cross-linked core and a more hydrophilic surface, less cross-linked containing long and highly mobile hydroxyalkylated polymer chains through the homopolymerization of the cross- linking agent. In 1998, cyclodextrin-based materials were used as adsorbents to efficiently remove organic contaminants from contaminated water. One year later, a more surprising result showed that a high proportion of cyclodextrin was not necessary to have useful performance in terms of pollutant removal. In 2000, using cross- polarization magic angl
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