Zinc imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticle application in oil removal from oil/water emulsion and reuse
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RESEARCH PAPER
Zinc imidazolate framework-8 nanoparticle application in oil removal from oil/water emulsion and reuse Meiry Gláucia Freire Rodrigues Tellys Lins Almeida Barbosa & Diogo Pierre Alves Rodrigues
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Received: 2 April 2020 / Accepted: 1 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Water pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world and treatment is very important. ZIF-8 is a promising nanomaterial for water treatment. In this study, zinc imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanoparticles were prepared via a solvothermal method. The synthesized were characterized by using several techniques and applied in emulsified oil/water separation and reuse. A combination of techniques (XRD, BET, SEM) showed that the crystalline phase of the ZIF-8 was successfully obtained by the solvothermal method. ZIF-8 exhibits a high surface area of 1146 m2/g and an average nanoparticle size 47 ± 4.6 nm. ZIF-8 exhibits a very high adsorption capacity reached 2811.1 mg/g and it was regenerated by the ethanol-washing method. The process of regeneration of ZIF-8 has proved to be efficient. ZIF-8 was regenerated by a simple ethanolwashing method; the regenerated ZIF-8 exhibited more than 98% of regeneration efficiency over three cycles.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-05036-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. G. F. Rodrigues (*) : T. L. A. Barbosa : D. P. A. Rodrigues Academic Unit of Chemical Engineering, Development Laboratory of New Materials, Federal University of Campina Grande, 882 Aprígio Veloso Ave, Campina Grande, PB 58429900, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks . Nanocrystals . Emulsion oil/water . Adsorption . Wastewater treatment . Reusability . Environmental effects
Introduction Growth in sensitivity to environmental protection has led to an increase in regulatory pressure on wastewater treatment, imposing severe limitations on concentrations of pollutants before discharge into the environment (Helmer and Hespanhol 1997; Manahan 2000; Capodici et al. 2017). Oil/water separation has received considerable importance currently. The major reasons are the growth of the environment and health awareness, as well as the growing demand for clean water (Tawalbeh et al. 2018). Oily wastewater causes pollution to water and soil, and its treatment is very important for the protection of our aquatic ecosystems (Manahan 2000; Fingas 2012; Huang et al. 2018). It has some substances that exhibit toxicity and can inhibit the growth of plants and animals. It threatens human health by bringing mutagenic and carcinogenic risks (Al-Anzi and Siang 2017). Due to the potential hazards that oil field effluents can cause to the environment, treatment is necessary prior to its disposal. The regulations must be complied with, and the oils in the oily waters must be removed to meet the discharge standard, depending on the country. In Brazil, the specifications of the Brazilian leg
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