ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defec
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DELIVERY SYSTEMS Original Research
ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defect D. Lozano1,2 J. Gil-Albarova3,4 C. Heras1 S. Sánchez-Salcedo1,2 V. E. Gómez-Palacio3 A. Gómez-Blasco3 J. C. Doadrio1 M. Vallet-Regí1,2 A. J. Salinas1,2 ●
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Received: 19 March 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The use of 3D scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) enhanced with therapeutic ions, biomolecules and cells is emerging as a strategy to improve bone healing. In this paper, the osteogenic capability of ZnO-enriched MBG scaffolds loaded or not with osteostatin (OST) and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated after implantation in New Zealand rabbits. Cylindrical meso-macroporous scaffolds with composition (mol %) 82.2SiO2–10.3CaO–3.3P2O5–4.2ZnO (4ZN) were obtained by rapid prototyping and then, coated with gelatin for easy handling and potentiating the release of inorganic ions and OST. Bone defects (7.5 mm diameter, 12 mm depth) were drilled in the distal femoral epiphysis and filled with 4ZN, 4ZN + MSC, 4ZN + OST or 4ZN + MSC + OST materials to evaluate and compare their osteogenic features. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 months extracting the distal third of bone specimens for necropsy, histological, and microtomography (µCT) evaluations. Systems investigated exhibited bone regeneration capability. Thus, trabecular bone volume density (BV/TV) values obtained from µCT showed that the good bone healing capability of 4ZN was significantly improved by the scaffolds coated with OST and MSC. Our findings in vivo suggest the interest of these MBG complete systems to improve bone repair in the clinical practice. Graphical Abstract
1 Introduction
Supplementary information The online version of this article (https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10856-020-06439-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
In a bone damage scenario, bone repair is a spontaneous process which takes place in physiological circumstances. However, there are some clinical situations in which this process may not be sufficient. In those cases, bone repair
* J. Gil-Albarova [email protected]
2
* A. J. Salinas [email protected]
Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
3
Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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Departamento de Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
1
Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
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Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (2020)31:100
can be achieved by bone engineering [1–3]. During the last years, mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) based on SiO2–CaO–P2O5 have arisen as excepti
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