A bowl-shaped biosorbent derived from sugarcane bagasse lignin for cadmium ion adsorption
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
A bowl-shaped biosorbent derived from sugarcane bagasse lignin for cadmium ion adsorption Xiongyi Peng . Zijun Wu . Zhili Li
Received: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 30 July 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Lignocellulosic materials have received wide interest in adsorption of contaminants in water due to their abundance, eco-friendliness, and low cost. However, the development of new adsorbents from lignocellulose with excellent performance is still a big challenge. In this work, a new bowl-shaped biosorbent (BSB) with surface functionality is prepared from lignin that is extracted from the abundant sugarcane bagasse. The product is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectrum, thermo gravimetric analysis and N2 adsorption techniques. The results show that the obtained BSB is obviously bowlshaped in microscale with an enlarged surface area,
and contains numerous oxygen and nitrogen functional groups. It exhibits an enhanced adsorption capacity toward Cd2? that is 3.2 times of the original lignin. The adsorption process of Cd2? by the BSB is well fitted by the Freundlich isothermal model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, respectively. The adsorption mechanism involves surface complexation, ion-exchange, electrostatic attraction, chemical precipitation and physical adsorption, etc., among them, the surface complexation is the rate-controlling step. Moreover, it shows a good reusability during five repeated cycling for Cd2? adsorption.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03376-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. X. Peng School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China Z. Wu Z. Li (&) School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China e-mail: [email protected]
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Cellulose
Graphic abstract
Keywords Lignocellulose Adsorbent Lignin Adsorption Cadmium
Introduction With the rapid development of modern industry, the discharge of heavy metal wastewater from electronics, printing and dyeing, electroplating, and smelting has increased year by year (Schwarzenbach et al. 2006). Heavy metals are difficult to degrade and have high biological toxicity and persistence. They can accumulate slowly in the environment, polluting water and soil, and pose a serious threat to the environment and human health (Bortoluz et al. 2019). Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals in daily industrial production including electric batteries, pigments, coatings, and electroplating (Scoullos et al. 2001). Cadmium can be absorbed and accumulated through the kidney organs, which eventually leads to severe acute and chronic kidney disease in humans (Valko et al. 2016). Current wastewater treatment techniques include chemical precipitation, ion exchange, electrochemical method, membrane technology, etc.(Rodriguez-Narvaez et al. 2017; Song et al.
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