A new and simple pathogenicity test using carrot slices for Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi , causal disease agent
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
A new and simple pathogenicity test using carrot slices for Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi, causal disease agent of olive knot Senem Filiz Doksöz 1
&
İmam Adem Bozkurt 2
Received: 8 July 2019 / Accepted: 24 June 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Abstract Olive knot disease caused by Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi is one of the important problems in olive (Olea europaea L), pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), myrtus (Myrtus communis L.) and jasmine (Jasminum officinale L.) in Hatay province, Turkey. The disease agent causes young seedling mortalities in intensive infections. The pathogenicity tests on the host plant seedling takes a long time to confirm identity and virulence of isolates/strains. In this study, we focused on a new and rapid pathogenicity test method for P. s. pv. savastanoi isolated from olive, pomegranate, myrtus and jasmine plants using carrot slices. Following inoculation of carrot slices with P. s. pv. savastanoi isolates, first typical knots were observed within a week and the knots fully developed on carrot slices 14 days after inoculation. Bacterial isolates were re-isolated from carrot slices and reidentified as P. s. pv. savastanoi using LOPAT tests, MALDI-TOF MS and molecular methods. One-year-old olive seedlings (cv. Gemlik) were inoculated with the re-isolated P. s. pv. savastanoi MKUBK-HZP14 for confirmation of carrot slice inoculation results. Typical knot symptoms were observed 60 days after inoculation of olive seedlings. The findings showed the carrot slice method to be a very simple and rapid technique for testing pathogenicity of P. s. pv. savastanoi isolates. The main advantage of this technique was found to be its sensitivity and promptness which yields correct results within 14 days. Keywords Olive knot . Daucus carota . Identification . Virulence test
Introduction Bacterial plant pathogens cause various disease symptoms in different organs of plants. The pathogenicity test of bacteria isolated from plants is one of the most crucial and important steps in diagnostic studies. This involves the reproduction of lesions following artificial infection of suitable hosts under greenhouse conditions (Janse 2005). Pathogenicity tests of bacterial pathogens in annual plants such as vegetables, are easy to perform in the original host and results can be obtained in a relatively short time. However, it is more difficult and results may be obtained in a long time on the original host in * İmam Adem Bozkurt [email protected] 1
Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Olive Research Institute, Hatay, Turkey
2
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
case of a pathogen that is isolated from perennial woody plants such as fruit trees. Therefore, pathogenicity tests can sometimes be performed on herbaceous plants which are the hosts of the perennial plant pathogen bacteria in the pathogenicity tests (Janse 2005). Pathogenicity tests of bacterial dise
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