HopH1 effectors of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and pv. syringae B728a induce HR cell death in nonhost eggplan
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BACTERIAL AND PHYTOPLASMA DISEASES
HopH1 effectors of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and pv. syringae B728a induce HR cell death in nonhost eggplant Solanum torvum Kamrun Nahar1 · Takafumi Mukaihara2 · Fumiko Taguchi3,4 · Hidenori Matsui3 · Mikihiro Yamamoto1,3 · Kazuhiro Toyoda1,3 · Yoshiteru Noutoshi3 · Tomonori Shiraishi2 · Yuki Ichinose1,3 Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 16 April 2020 © The Phytopathological Society of Japan and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract HopH1 is an effector protein of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and P. syringae pv. syringae B728a and is a homolog of the putative Zn-dependent protease effector Rip36 of Ralstonia solanacearum, which induces hypersensitive response (HR) cell death in a nonhost plant, Solanum torvum Sw. cv. Torubamubiga. Although P. syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph) 1448A neither produces HopH1 nor induces HR cell death, hopH1-introduced Pph 1448A acquired the ability to induce HR. These results indicate that the putative Zn-protease HopH1 effector induces HR cell death in nonhost S. torvum. Keywords Effector · HopH1 · HR · Rip36 · Zn-protease Pseudomonas syringae is a Gram-negative, host-specific bacterial pathogen encompassing 50 or more pathovars that cause leaf spot, leaf blight, leaf speck, or bacterial canker disease in the majority of cultivated crops and ornamental plant species all over the world (Agrios 1997). The pathogenicity and ability of this pathogen to cause a hypersensitive response (HR) depend on the Hrp type III secretion system (T3SS), which secretes and translocates effector proteins into the plant cells, thus causing disease in susceptible host plants and triggering HR in resistant host and nonhost plants (Alfano and Collmer 1997). Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00961-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yuki Ichinose yuki@okayama‑u.ac.jp 1
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700‑8530, Japan
2
Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama (RIBS), Yoshikawa, Kibichuo‑cho, Okayama 716‑1241, Japan
3
Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama 700‑8530, Japan
4
Present Address: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo‑cho, Chikusa‑ku, Nagoya 464‑8603, Japan
P. syringae T3SS effectors are designated Hrp outer proteins (Hop) and avirulence (Avr) proteins depending on the phenotype by which they were discovered (Lindeberg et al. 2005). Using a comparative genomics and bioinformatics approach based on genome sequences and amino acid features in the N-termini of proteins, P. syringae pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000, P. syringae pv. syringae (Psy) B728a, and P. syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph) 1448A were predicted to have 58, 29, and 28 effectors, respectively (Greenberg and Vinatzer 2003; Vencato et al. 2006; Lindeberg 2014). To date, the translocation of 40 p
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