A novel method for extraction of polypropylene microplastics in swine manure
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A novel method for extraction of polypropylene microplastics in swine manure Rui-Ting Wu 1 & Ying-Feng Cai 1 & Si-Cheng Xing 1,2,3 & Yi-Wen Yang 1 & Jian-Dui Mi 1,2,3 & Xin-Di Liao 1,2,3 Received: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 4 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract With the development of modern industry and agriculture, plentiful microplastics (MPs) were produced as a result of the abuse of plastic. The widespread presence of MPs in soils has caused coastal ecological environment pollution. Previous research has shown that fertilizer is one pathway for the entry of MPs into agricultural soils. Meanwhile, livestock manure is a major fertilizer for crops, and the application of livestock manure compost creates a potential pathway for MPs to enter soils. Thus, MPs may exist in livestock manure from the process of livestock breeding and ultimately contaminate agricultural soils. Based on the increasing attention to MP pollution, manure-born MPs will attract more interest in the future. Thus, the present study compares the extraction effects of centrifugation with fractional distillation, and an improved method is introduced to extract polypropylene (PP) from different types of swine manure. The numbers of particles and fibers were determined using a camera (MS60) connected to a stereomicroscope (Mshot MZ62), and the results showed that the recovery rate of plastic particles in swine manure based on different added numbers ranged from 71.43% ± 8.36 to 96.67% ± 3.33 with the centrifugation method, and only 31.11% ± 10.56 to 43.33% ± 12.56 using fractional distilling. The recovery rate for fibers was generally higher than for particles, especially using centrifugation, and ranged from 95.67% ± 1.58 to 100% ± 0, while the rate of fiber recovery using fractional distillation ranged from 39.44% ± 10.66 to 39.44 ± 10.66. The results of recovery rates using the two methods show that the effect of extraction by centrifugation is superior to the method of fractional distillation, with a recovery rate of approximately 100% for fibers and 90% for particles. The recovery number of microplastics evaluated with a line regression model was acceptable. Keywords Microplastic . Polypropylene . Swine manure . Centrifugation . Fractional distillation
Introduction Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles less than 5 mm in size that have been found in wild species and other natural
resources, with potential adverse effects on the ecosystem and human health (Peixoto et al. 2019). As a newly identified pollutant, MPs are receiving more and more attention from scientific researchers (Arias-Andres et al. 2019). Furthermore, the
Rui-Ting Wu and Ying-Feng Cai contributed equally to this work. This manuscript has not been submitted for publication elsewhere and the content and authorship have been approved by all authors. Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues * Xin-Di Liao [email protected]
Jian-Dui Mi [email protected]
Rui-Ting Wu [email protected]
1
College of Animal Scien
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