A sensitive voltammetric sensor based on carbon nanotube/nickel nanoparticle for determination of daclatasvir (an anti-h
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
A sensitive voltammetric sensor based on carbon nanotube/nickel nanoparticle for determination of daclatasvir (an anti-hepatitis C drug) in real samples Roghayeh Asadpour Joghani1 · Amir Abbas Rafati1 · Javad Ghodsi1 · Parnaz Assari1 · Azizallah Feizollahi1 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This work explains a simple and easily modified electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of daclatasvir (DCV), a novel drug for the treatment of hepatitis C. In this study, DCV was oxidized at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface modified with nickel nanoparticles/multi-walled carbon nanotube (Ni-NPs/MWCNTs). Electrochemical studies were accomplished via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). Elemental analysis and morphology of applied nanomaterials were characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. MWCNTs and Ni-NPs illustrated satisfactory synergic electrocatalytical properties in DCV oxidation, which leads to DCV sensitive detection in real samples such as tablet and human serum. The limit of detection (LOD) and linear range were 15.82 nM and 0.024–300 µM, respectively, which, in comparison to other reported studies about the determination of DCV, were satisfying results. The stability of the sensor was studied and the result was very acceptable. Graphic abstract A sensitive voltammetric sensor based on carbon nanotube/nickel nanoparticle nanocomposite for determination of daclatasvir (an anti-hepatitis C drug) in real samples
Keywords Electrochemical sensor · Daclatasvir · Nickel nanoparticles · Multi-walled carbon nanotube Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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1 Introduction The hepatitis C virus (HCV), the Hepacivirus genus in the family of Flaviviridae, is a positive single-stranded RNA genome that an estimated 71 million human beings suffer from worldwide [1, 2]. Chronic HCV infection causes considerable morbidity and mortality (more than 350,000 deaths each year from liver disorders associated with hepatitis C) and liver-related complications such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure and subsequently, liver transplants [2–4].
1.1 Antiviral treatment is the way to hinder these complications by achieving viral eradication. Directly acting antivirals (DAAs) are recently developed potent agents for the treatment of HCV. Daclatasvir (DCV) is one of these new DAAs [2, 3], and it is the first confirmed HCV nonstructural protein 5A (HCV NS5A) replication complex inhibitor. It is applied in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 and 3 infections through binding to HCV NS5A, which is necessary for HCV viral transcription and translation [4–6]. With the administration of DCV during 6 h, the serum HCV RNA levels drop about twofolds [4]. DCV in combination with sofosbuvir (a prodrug for the treatment of HCV) is effective and safe in peo
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