A molecularly imprinted photoelectrochemical sensor based on the use of Bi 2 S 3 for sensitive determination of dioctyl
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A molecularly imprinted photoelectrochemical sensor based on the use of Bi2S3 for sensitive determination of dioctyl phthalate Xiuqi Li 1 & Li Zhong 1 & Ruilin Liu 1 & Xiaoping Wei 1,2 & Jianping Li 1,2 Received: 14 April 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2019 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract A molecularly imprinted polymer photoelectrochemical (MIP-PEC) sensor based on bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) is described for the determination of the plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP). Bi2S3 was used as the photoelectrical converter of the sensor, and visible light was utilized as the excitation source. The molecular imprinting film was prepared through the electropolymerization of monomers in the presence of DOP. Under optimal experimental conditions, the photoelectrochemical response was linearly proportional to the logarithm of the DOP concentration in the 0.5–70 pM DOP concentration range, and the detection limit was 0.1 pM. The method is highly stable and reproducible. It was applied to the determination of DOP in spiked water samples. Keywords Photoelectrochemical sensor . Molecular imprinted . Dioctyl phthalate . Bismuth sulfide . Nanoparticle . Current-time method
Introduction Dioctyl phthalate (DOP) is a synthetic colorless plasticizer. It is used in the synthesis of various plastics and rubbers for food and drinking water packaging [1]. The structure of DOP is similar to that of estrogen, which is a disruptor that can be enriched and affect their reproductive health because DOP is toxic and difficult to degrade [2]. DOP can enter the soil, air, and water through diffusion and migration; thus, prolonged exposure to DOP can cause cancer and teratogenicity [3]. At present, the methods reported for DOP determination include gas chromatography–mass spectrometry [4, 5], highperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry [6], and various molecular imprinting (MIP) technologies [7]. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3812-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xiaoping Wei [email protected] * Jianping Li [email protected] 1
College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guangxi 541004, China
2
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Function Materials, Guangxi 541004, China
However, as most of these methods feature low sensitivity, complex sample processing, and expensive instruments, finding a method to detect DOP that addresses these disadvantages is imperative. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) determination uses light as an excitation source to generate a photocurrent as a detection signal. The quantitative detection is based on the relationship between the photocurrent and the concentration of the analyte [8]. Compared with traditional optical and electrochemical measurement, it is characterized by high sensitivity due to its high signal-to-noise ratio in the absence of an excitation voltage [9]. The PEC method is
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