Activated Carbon Modified by Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Detection
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Activated Carbon Modified by Nanosecond Pulsed Discharge for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Detection Hao Yuan1 · Dezheng Yang1,2 · Zixian Jia3 · Xiongfeng Zhou1 · Hongli Wang1 · Qingnan Xu1 · Wenchun Wang1 · Yong Xu1 Received: 1 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, a nanosecond pulsed discharge was employed to modify activated carbon (AC) adsorbents for the purpose of detecting gas-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The raw and modified AC were characterized by helium ion microscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The treatment time, gas composition, and pulse peak voltage of discharge were optimized to improve the adsorption capacity of AC. And the adsorption kinetics of AC was investigated. It is found that the pore structure of AC is changed and the oxygen-containing groups on AC surface are increased after plasma treatment. As a result, the roles of physisorption and chemisorption are promoted, and the adsorption rate of naphthalene is improved by about 10%. More importantly, modified AC adsorbing PAHs obeys Pseudo-first-order model and Langmuir isotherm model, and the corresponding adsorption coefficients are fitted, which contributes to detecting PAHs more accurately. After modified AC enriching, the gas-phase PAHs can be detected with the limit of detections in the range of 20–120 μg/m3. Keywords Nanosecond pulsed discharge · Surface modification · Activated carbon · Adsorption kinetics · Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1109 0-020-10114-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dezheng Yang [email protected] * Zixian Jia [email protected] 1
Key Lab of Materials Modification (Dalian University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China
2
College of Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
3
Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux CNRS, Institut Galilée, Université Paris Sorbonne Nord, 93430 Villetaneuse, France
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Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing
Introduction Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a series of compounds with 2 to 7 aromatic rings, and the semi-volatility of PAHs makes them widely exist in the air, soil, and water bodies [1–3]. PAHs can be produced by almost all types of combustion of organic compounds, including forest fires, incomplete burning of fuels or garbage, vehicle exhausts, people’s indoor activities such as cooking or smoking, and pose a serious threat to human health for the carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity [1, 4–6]. Therefore, for timely assessment and effective prevention of PAH pollutants, it is of great importance to determine PAHs rapidly and accurately. During the past two decades, continuous efforts have been devoted to developing the analytical approaches e.g. gas chromatography (GC), gas chr
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