Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach
This book critically discusses different aspects of algal production systems and several of the drawbacks related to microalgal biomass production, namely, low biomass yield, and energy-consuming harvesting, dewatering, drying and extraction processes. Th
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Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach
Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach
Debabrata Das Editor
Algal Biorefinery: An Integrated Approach
Editor Debabrata Das Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Co-published by Springer International Publishing, Cham, Switzerland, with Capital Publishing Company, New Delhi, India. Sold and distributed in North, Central and South America by Springer, 233 Spring Street, New York 10013, USA. In all other countries, except SAARC countries—Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka— sold and distributed by Springer, Haberstrasse 7, D-69126 Heidelberg, Germany. In SAARC countries—Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka—printed book sold and distributed by Capital Publishing Company, 7/28, Mahaveer Street, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India. ISBN 978-3-319-22812-9 ISBN 978-3-319-22813-6 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22813-6
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015957995 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Capital Publishing Company 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publishers, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publishers, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
Algae was intensively studied for biofuel production from the late 1970s through the mid-1990s; however, in 1996 as the oil prices dipped to $20/barrel, algal biofuel research was abandoned as it seemed like a distant possibility against the low cost fossil fuels. However, by 2009, as oil prices reached $100 per barrel, amid rising concerns about domestic energy security and greenhouse gas emissions, the voyage in algal-based biofuels was re-embarked in a major way. Microalgae are single-cell, photosynthetic organisms known for their rapid growth and high energy content. Some algal strains have a rapid doubling speed of several times per day. In some case
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