Anaerobic co-digestion of landfill leachate and acid mine drainage using up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Anaerobic co-digestion of landfill leachate and acid mine drainage using up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor Shiqi Zhou 1 & Jin Wang 1 & Shuchuan Peng 1 & Tianhu Chen 1 & Zhengbo Yue 1 Received: 3 May 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A laboratory-scale up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was developed and constructed for the treatment of landfill leachate and acid mine drainage (AMD). The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), sulfate, and metal ions was studied. The maximum COD and sulfate removal efficiency reached 75% and 69%, respectively, during the start-up phase of the UASB. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) had a significant influence on the system. The maximum removal efficiency for COD and sulfate reached 83% and 78%, respectively, at an HRT of 20 h. The methane production process competed with the sulfate reduction process in the UASB. The fractionation of metals in the sludge was analyzed to facilitate metal recovery in a later processing stage. The most abundant sulfate-reducing bacteria was Desulfobulbus, and the methanogen archaeal community in the reactor was mainly composed of Methanobacterium. Keywords Anaerobic digestion . Start-up . Heavy metal . Hydraulic retention time . Methane . Sulfate reduction bacteria
Introduction Landfill leachate is a secondary pollutant from the process of garbage collection and landfilling. It is distinguished by its wide variety and high concentration of organic pollutants, poor biodegradability, heavy metal contamination, and high ammonia nitrogen concentration (Ghosh et al. 2017; Renou et al. 2008). At present, landfill leachate treatment is generally performed by combined physical chemical and biological treatment units. Biological treatment is mainly divided into anaerobic and aerobic treatments that decompose organic matter and other pollutants in landfill leachate. Biological treatment plays an important role in the decomposition and degradation of organic matter in landfill leachate (Ai et al. 2017). Nevertheless, biological treatments are limited in their capacity to effectively remove refractory compounds. Research has shown that sulfate minerals can promote the degradation of organic compounds in landfill leachate (Li et al. 2017). Previous results indicated that the anaerobic co-digestion of Responsible Editor: Ta Yeong Wu * Zhengbo Yue [email protected] 1
School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, China
sulfate-containing wastewater and corn straw could achieve higher methane production and sulfate removal rates than individual digestion processes (Yang et al. 2019a; Yang et al. 2019b). The addition of sulfate can increase the conversion of rapidly biodegradable substrates by 93% (Zan and Hao 2019). Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) have the capacity to decompose complex organic components in landfill leachate into organic matter, such as short volatile acids and hydrogen, which can be c
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