Analog Circuit Design in Organic Thin-Film Transistor Technologies on Foil: An Overview
In this work an overview is given of the progress which is made in the last few years in the domain of analog organic electronics. Subsequently several building blocks for organic smart sensor systems are brought into focus. The implementations of a two-s
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Analog Circuit Design in Organic Thin-Film Transistor Technologies on Foil: An Overview Hagen Marien, Michiel Steyaert, Erik van Veenendaal, and Paul Heremans
Abstract In this work an overview is given of the progress which is made in the last few years in the domain of analog organic electronics. Subsequently several building blocks for organic smart sensor systems are brought into focus. The implementations of a two-stage DC-connected opamp, a DS ADC, a Dickson DC-DC up-converter and a capacitive touch sensor are presented. Special attention is spent to the design techniques applied for embedding the circuits in the given organic electronics technology.
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Introduction
The progress made in the last decade in the domain of organic thin-film transistor technologies has enabled the production of flexible displays. These devices find a market in the sector of handheld consumer devices, such as E-readers and smart phones. Besides for flexible displays, organic electronics has also opened the gates for digital as well as analog and mixed-signal applications. Examples of the latter can be found in flexible and printed RFID tags, flexible lighting and solar panels, and in distributed sensors.
H. Marien (*) • M. Steyaert Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, 91.08, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 – bus 2443, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium e-mail: [email protected] E. van Veenendaal Polymer Vision, Kastanjelaan 1000, 5656AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands P. Heremans IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT-MICAS, 91.08, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 – bus 2443, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium A.H.M. van Roermund et al. (eds.), Nyquist AD Converters, Sensor Interfaces, 269 and Robustness: Advances in Analog Circuit Design, 2012, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-4587-6_14, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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The key benefits of organic electronics are the possibility to deposit circuits on top of various materials for the substrate, e.g. a low-cost plastic foil, the low production temperatures that enable a cost-efficient production. Conversely, organic technology nowadays still suffers from an intrinsically low mobility, a low intrinsic gain and behavioral parameter variations. Furthermore, most of the available technologies are still unipolar, providing p-type transistors only. Nowadays, the research on complementary technologies is proceeding and circuits in complementary technology has been reported [1, 2]. The properties of organic electronics technology makes it a future low-cost medium for flexible large-area and large-scale applications. Nowadays work on digital organic micro-processors [3] and RFID tags [4, 5] has been reported. Analog and mixed-signals circuits have less abundantly appeared in literature. Work on organic ADC’s and DAC’s [1, 6], an integrated DC-DC converter [7] and a tunable transconductor [8] has been reported. Furthermore, work on various organic sensors [9–11] has
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