Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of confectionery sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) native to Iran
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2016 (March) 19 (1) : 37 ~ 44 DOI NO. 10.1007/s12892-015-0052-6 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Confectionery Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Native to Iran Marjan Jannatdoust1, Reza Darvishzadeh2, Roghayyeh Ziaeifard2, Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi3, Hamid Hatami Maleki4, Esmaeel Gholinezhad5, Ali Asghar Hatamnia6 Institute of Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. 3 Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. 4 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran. 5 Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran. 6 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
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Received: May 14. 2015 / Revised: October 30. 2015 / Accepted: December 1. 2015 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2016
Abstract Genetic diversity within and among 50 populations of confectionery sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) collected from different geographical areas of Iran was evaluated by using microsatellite and retrotransposon markers. The number of alleles (Na) in SSR loci ranged from 2 to 3 with an average of 2.1. The polymorphic bands in retrotransposon markers ranged from 7 in locus CR-UR1 to 15 in locus CR-816 with a mean value of 11.33. Herarchical clustering of individuals (50 × 5 = 250) by neighbor joining method in DARwin5 software subdivided them into three groups. Using Bayesian method in the software pakage of Structure, the studied individuals were subdivided into two sub-populations. Principal coordinate analysis revelaed that the two first components explaine 7.86 and 6.16% of the total variance, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a higher level of genetic variation within (70%) than between (30%) populations. High molecular variation among individuals within population possibly is due to high allogamy nature of the sunflower plant. Low genetic variation observed between populations could be considered as a consequence of genetic equilibrium that has occurred over the long period of cultivation of confectionery sunflower in this area as well as seed exchange among regions. The traditional assumption that selecting genotypes of different geographical origin will maximize the diversity available to a breeding project does not hold in confectionery sunflower. Key words : Bayesian clustering, Helianthus annuus, molecular genetic diversity, retrotransposone based markers, SSR
Introduction Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) belongs to the Asteraceae family, Helianthoideae subfamily, Heliantheae tribe with 12 annual and 37 perennial species. It is native to temperate North America and its diversity center is in northern Mexico and the American Southwest (Heiser 1954). The plant is annual, highly cross-pollinated, and diploid with 2n = 2x = 34 chromosomes. It is grown in all over the world with Professor R. Darvishzadeh (
) E-mail: r.
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