Biomass partitioning and genetic analyses of salinity tolerance in sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.)
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2012 (September) 15 (3) :205 ~ 217 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-011-0089-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Biomass Partitioning and Genetic Analyses of Salinity Tolerance in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Saeed Rauf1*, Muhammad Shahzad1, Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva2, Ijaz Rasool Noorka1 University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan Faculty of Agriculture and Graduate School of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-Cho, Ikenobe, 2393, Kagawa-Ken, 761-0795, Japan
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Received: October 25, 2011 / Revised: February 19, 2012 / Accepted: July 16, 2012 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2012
Abstract Biomass partitioning was studied in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines and their hybrids differing in salinity resistance. Differential biomass partitioning was observed among resistant and susceptible lines as well as within resistant lines, which were grown in large pots. Traits such as number of dead leaves and total number of nodes may be used as dominant markers for understanding the mechanism of resistance to salinity. Multi-location trials differing for salinity levels showed low and non-significant heritabilities across the environment for biochemical traits showing their sensitivity to the environment and a significant G X E interaction. Thus selection could only possible within the salinity level for these traits. Contrastingly, morphological traits such as number of nodes showed significant heritabilities (narrow or broad sense) across the environment. These traits may be exploited by the selection of inbred lines across or with salinity levels. Among various salinity levels, 12 dSm-1 was found to be feasible for screening and selection as it promoted the additive type of gene action. Key words : additive gene effects, avoidance, marker, salinity stress, tolerance Abbreviations CMI: cell membrane injury, TRL: total root length, MRL: main root length, LRL: lateral root length, LRD: lateral root density, LRN: lateral root number: SM: stem + leaf mass, HM: head mass including achenes, RM: receptacle mass, R/S: root shoot ratio, RVR: reproductive to vegetative ratio, A/R: achene to receptacle ratio, HI: harvest index, LA: leaf area, TNN: total numbers of nodes, AY: achene yield, PH: plant height, DD: degree of droopiness, HD: head diameter, AOA: active osmotic adjustment, POA: passive osmotic adjustment.
Introduction Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop supplying more than 13% of the total edible oil produced globally (Rauf et al. 2008a). Sunflower requires fewer days to complete its life cycle than other field crops, while high quantities per unit area and quality edible oil (rich in linoleic and oleic acids) are the prime factors proving its versatility which allow this crop to be grown in 68 countries (FAO 2010). Certain other characteristics such as its robustness and extensive tap root system or osmo-regulatory mechanisms have induced tolerance in the crop to perform better under water-limited conditions (Rauf Saeed Rauf (
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