Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract and an Alkaloid from Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem and Schult
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract and an Alkaloid from Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem and Schult Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio,1,2,5 Pedro Cruz de Oliveira Junior,1 Carla Roberta Ferreira Volobuff,2 Candida Aparecida Leite Kassuya,2 Diego Cegobia Ferreira,3 Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso,3 Maria Helena Sarragiotto,4 and Zefa Valdevina Pereira1
Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. and Schult., Bdouradinha,^ are used by treat inflammation (edema). Croceaine A (PC-1) was isolated from P. crocea (MEPC) leaves and studied for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, as well as concentrations of constituents and acute toxicity. The phenols and polyphenolics compounds and HPLC/DAD were determined. The antioxidant activity were evaluated for DPPH, ABTS, and MDA. MEPC (300, 100, and 300 mg/kg) and PC-1 (10 and 30 mg/kg) were tested for anti-inflammatory effects in paw edema, pleurisy, cold sensitivity, and mechanical hyperalgesia. Acute toxicity is also described. MEPC contained high concentrations of phenolic and flavonoid compounds (≤ 800.35 mg/g), as well as caffeic acid, ferulic acid, rutin, and quercetin, revealed by HPLC-DAD analysis. MEPC displayed antioxidant activity against ABTS radicals (IC50 = 68.5 μg/mL) and MDA (74%). MEPC and alkaloid PC-1 demonstrated an anti-edematogenic effect in Cg-induced paw edema in 2 and 4 h, and also significantly reduced mechanical hyperalgesia, cold response to acetone in mice, at 3 and 4 h after injection, as well as leukocyte migrationin the pleurisy model. No toxicity was detected by MEPC. For the first time, P. crocea was evaluated for its antioxidant, systemic antiinflammatory, and anti-hyperalgesic activities.
Abstract—
KEY WORDS: antioxidant; anti-hyperalgesic; croceaine A; douradina; edema; pleurisy.
INTRODUCTION Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. and Schult., known as Bdouradina^, Bdouradão,^ and Bdouradão-do1
Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil 3 Chemistry, State University of Mato Grosso do Sul UEMS, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil 4 Chemistry, State University of Maringá UEM, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil 5 To whom correspondence should be addressed at Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados UFGD, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]
campo,^ is used by Ribeirinhos in the North Araguaia microregion, Mato Grosso, Brazil, to make infusions or decoctions for general infections and anti-inflammatory (edema) [1], and is not considered a toxic plant [2–6]; however, some species in this genus are highly lethal, i.e., P. marcgravii St. Hil. in Brazil contains a toxic organofluorine compound and is a very poisonous plant due to its acute toxicity and palatability [7–12]. Chemical studies of this species reported the isolation of alkaloids suc
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