Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Hammada scoparia against ethanol-induced liver injury in rats
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Hammada scoparia against ethanol-induced liver injury in rats Ezzeddine Bourogaa & Riadh Nciri & Raoudha Mezghani-Jarraya & Claire Racaud-Sultan & Mohamed Damak & Abdelfattah El Feki
Received: 20 April 2012 / Accepted: 2 August 2012 / Published online: 15 August 2012 # University of Navarra 2012
Abstract The present work was aimed at studying the antioxidative activity and hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract (ME) of Hammada scoparia leaves against ethanol-induced liver injury in male rats. The animals were treated daily with 35 % ethanol solution (4 gkg−1 day−1) during 4 weeks. This treatment led to an increase in the lipid peroxidation, a decrease in antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase) in liver, and a considerable increase in the serum levels of aspartate and alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phospahatase. However, treatment with ME protects efficiently the hepatic function of alcoholic rats by the considerable decrease in aminotransferase contents in serum of ethanol-treated rats. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 β was inhibited after ME administration, which leads to an enhancement E. Bourogaa (*) : R. Nciri : A. El Feki Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, PB 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia e-mail: [email protected] R. Mezghani-Jarraya : M. Damak Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, PB 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia C. Racaud-Sultan INSERM, U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
of glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver and a decrease in lipid peroxidation rate by 76 %. These biochemical changes were consistent with histopathological observations, suggesting marked hepatoprotective effect of ME. These results strongly suggest that treatment with methanolic extract normalizes various biochemical parameters and protects the liver against ethanol induced oxidative damage in rats. Keywords Hammada scoparia . Methanolic extract . Oxidative stress . Hepatoprotective effect
Introduction Alcohol abuse and alcoholism are serious current health and socioeconomic problems throughout the world. Despite great progress made in the field, the development of suitable medications for the treatment of alcoholism remains a challenging purpose for alcohol research. Ethanol is almost exclusively metabolized in the cytosol and mitochondria by enzyme catalyzed oxidative processes [26]. In fact, the liver accounts for 90 % of alcohol metabolism and is the most adversely affected organ [16]. Three pathologically life-threatening liver diseases induced by alcohol abuse are fatty liver (steatosis), hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Moreover, oxidative stress is a central etiological factor in various pathologies. In vertebrates for example, a major defense mechanism against oxidative stress is
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orchestrated by the transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression
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