Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of Syzygium paniculatum Gaertn and Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes Relevant to
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of Syzygium paniculatum Gaertn and Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes Relevant to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Sangseo Kim 1
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Susan J. Semple 2
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Bradley S. Simpson 1
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Permal Deo 1
Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) may be a contributing factor in the development of diabetes-specific vascular pathologies that affect the retina, glomerulus and peripheral nerves. In this study, Australian native food plant species Syzygium paniculatum was investigated for activities relevant to Type 2 diabetes mellitus including inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and protein glycation. A methanolic extract of the leaves showed the strongest α-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 14.29 ± 0.82 μg/mL, p < 0.05) when compared with other extracts. For inhibition of α-glucosidase, the strongest inhibition was shown for the water, methanolic and acetone extracts of leaves with IC50 values ranging from 4.73 ± 0.96 to 7.26 ± 0.92 μg/mL. In the BSA-glucose model, fruit and leaf extracts inhibited formation of protein-bound fluorescent AGEs with IC50 values ranging between 11.82 ± 0.71 and 96.80 ± 13.41 μg/mL. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the AGE inhibition significantly correlated with DPPH (rp = −0.8964, p < 0.05) and ABTS (rp = −0.8326, p < 0.05). α-amylase inhibitory activities strongly correlated with DPPH (rp = −0.8964, p < 0.001). α-glucosidase inhibition strongly correlated with TPC (rp = −0.9243, p < 0.05), FRAP (rp = −0.9502, p < 0.01), DPPH (rp = −0.9317, p < 0.01) and ABTS (rp = −0.9486, p < 0.01). This study provides a strong rationale for further investigation aimed at isolating and identifying the active compounds responsible for the observed effects on targets relevant to diabetes. Keywords Syzygium paniculatum . Antioxidant activities . Advanced glycation end-products . Antiglycation . α-Amylase . α-Glucosidase
Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. Currently, 463 million people aged between 20 and 79 years Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-020-00858-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Permal Deo [email protected] 1
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
2
Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
are reported to suffer from diabetes worldwide and its prevalence is estimated to increase to 700 million by 2045, representing a major health concern around the world [1]. Hyperglycaemia following food consumption is one of the typical signs in patients with T2DM due to increased breakdown of starch by key digestive enzymes including α-amy
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