Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Biosorption Properties of Starch Nanocrystals In Vitro Study: Cytotoxic and Phytotoxi
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Biosorption Properties of Starch Nanocrystals In Vitro Study: Cytotoxic and Phytotoxic Evaluation V. Vishnu Priyan1 • Tasrin Shahnaz1 • Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara1 • Varsha Rana1 • Muthupandian Saravanan2 Selvaraju Narayanasamy1
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Received: 16 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and biosorption properties of starch nanocrystals (SNC). The characterization of synthesized SNC was done using various analytical techniques like microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. The antioxidant property was determined using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay and metal ion chelating assay. SNC showed the highest scavenging activity of 70.03 ± 0.74% at 100 lg/mL concentration. Protein denaturation assay and proteinase inhibitory assay depicted the anti-inflammatory property of SNC. The results revealed that the maximum inhibition activity was found at 100 lg/mL with 72.71% inhibition. The maximum removal efficiency was found to be 83.42% at pH 2.0 with 0.15 g biosorbent. As the pH increases, biosorption capacity of SNC were reduced from 8.17 to 6.30 mg/g and the efficiency of the dye removal was decreased from 80.95 to 36.01%. The shape of synthesized SNC was spherical nanoplatelets and it shows agglomeration. The Langmuir isotherm model is best suited for the biosorption experiments with the R2 value of 0.986. SNC were subjected to cytotoxic and phytotoxic evaluation. Cell viability and phytotoxic assays proves the non-toxic nature of the SNC. Keywords Starch nanoparticles Toxicity Biosorption Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory
Introduction Nanoscience deals with the study of nanosized materials in various fields of science and technology. Around 75.8 billion US dollars has been anticipated for the global nanotechnology industry by 2020 [1]. The materials at nanoscale have specific characteristics on compared to bulk materials. Nanomaterials play a vital role in pharma, food, fabric, catalyst and construction industries [2, 3].
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-020-01905-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. & Selvaraju Narayanasamy [email protected] 1
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
2
Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Nanomaterials mostly made from metals and polymers. Since metals have some limitations such as toxicity and accumulation in organisms, the researchers focus on biopolymers for nanomaterials. The unique properties of nanomaterials made scientists pay their attention to various medical and environmental applications [4]. Water is an essential
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