Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Effects of Schinus terebinthifolia Leaf Extract on Thyroid Follicular Cells
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Effects of Schinus terebinthifolia Leaf Extract on Thyroid Follicular Cells Silvia Cristina Figueira Olinto 1,2 & Jamile Calil-Silveira 2 & Rafael B. A. Dias 2 & Maira M. R. Valle 2 & Caroline Serrano-Nascimento 2,3 & Paola S. Rocha 4 & Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo 4 & Edson L. dos Santos 4 Kely de Picoli Souza 4 & Maria T. Nunes 2
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Received: 10 April 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 / Published online: 2 October 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia 2020
Abstract Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, Anacardiaceae, is a Brazilian plant species, with anti-inflammatory and healing properties. This plant is popularly used for the treatment of several disorders, including thyroid dysfunctions. However, its influence on thyroid physiology is not fully understood. This study investigated the effects of a S. terebinthifolia leaf methanolic extract on the proliferation, viability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of rat thyroid follicular cells. For this, PCCL3 cells were treated with different concentrations of the extract (1–100 μg/ml) and times of exposure (24, 48, and 72 h). The 30 μg/ml concentration significantly reduced cell viability. Thyrocytes treated with the extract presented altered cell morphologies and evidence of oxidative stress. The 50 μg/ml concentration of the extract elicited a pronounced increase in ROS level. The results demonstrated that S. terebinthifolia leaf is harmful to thyroid cells after exposure to high concentrations for prolonged periods. These potentially harmful effects should be considered when this medicinal plant is used in humans. This observation is particularly relevant to individuals with an increased risk of thyroid dysfunctions. Keywords Aroeira . Toxicity . Thyroid . PCCL3 cells . Medicinal plants
Introduction Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, Anacardiaceae, is widely distributed throughout South America. In Brazil, it is known as “aroeira-da-praia,” and various parts of the plant have been used in folk medicine for its antipyretic, analgesic, and depurative properties, and have been used for the treatment of urogenital system diseases. Additionally, previous studies demonstrated that this plant possesses antimicrobial, anti-
* Silvia Cristina Figueira Olinto [email protected] 1
Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
2
Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
3
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
4
Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais , Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul , Brazil
inflammatory, and antiulcerogenic activities (Carvalho et al. 2013). The various biological effects attributed to medicinal plants are mediated by compounds that can act alone, additively or synergistically (Lenzi and Orth 2004). The methanolic extract of S. terebinthifolia contains several phenolic compounds, such as tannins and fl
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