Application of Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models to Validation of Pollutant Emissions in Moscow
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MOSPHERIC RADIATION, OPTICAL WEATHER, AND CLIMATE
Application of Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models to Validation of Pollutant Emissions in Moscow N. A. Ponomareva, *, N. F. Elanskya, A. A. Kirsanovb, O. V. Postylyakova, A. N. Borovskia, and Y. M. Verevkinc aObukhov
Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119017 Russia b Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia, Moscow, 123242 Russia c Dalhousie University 6310, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2 Canada *e-mail: [email protected] Received July 18, 2019; revised November 26, 2019; accepted November 27, 2019
Abstract—Data of multiyear observations from Mosecomonitoring network stations were used to calculate the CO, NO, NO2, SO2, and PM10 emissions from urban sources, their spatial distribution, and time variations. The emission matrix thus obtained was used in the SILAM chemical transport model to estimate the air quality in the Moscow megacity. The comparisons of the calculations with the observations, performed by applying correlation relations and Student’s test, were used to correct the emission matrix. To optimize the spatial distribution of sources and the magnitude of emissions in the Moscow megacity, air pollutant fields for the summer and winter months were calculated applying chemical transport models SILAM and COSMO-ART using emissions both calculated and available from the TNO emission inventory database. Comparison of these calculations made it possible to reduce the uncertainties of estimating the air quality in the Moscow region. Keywords: megacity, atmospheric composition, trace gases, emissions, numerical modeling, air quality DOI: 10.1134/S1024856020040090
INTRODUCTION Moscow is among most rapidly developing megacities in the world. Like in other megacities, an atmospheric air pollution monitoring system (Mosecomonitoring (MEM), http://www.mosecom.ru) has been operating in Moscow since 2002. At present, in complying with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations, ∼40 MEM stations in the nearsurface atmospheric layer continuously measure 20 chemical compounds that determine the air quality. The monitoring system ensures the control of the state of atmospheric air over the entire territory of the megacity, as well as its changes due to pollutant emissions from urban sources. Analysis of information, obtained at MEM network stations, made it possible to identify the characteristic features of the spatiotemporal variations in near-surface pollutant concentrations caused by the effect of meteorological and anthropogenic factors (see, e.g., [1–4]). Efficiently operating MEM network stations make it possible to solve problem on forecasting changes in the air quality and occurrence of extreme ecological situations potentially hazardous for the health of residents in Moscow and the Moscow region. Forecasting the behaviors of separate conservative admixtures (such as carbon monoxide CO) was first
tried with the use of chemical transport models (CTMs) CHIMERE, COSMO-ART, and WRF, EDGAR, MACC, and TNO international d
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