Arabidopsis MAPK signaling pathways and their cross talks in abiotic stress response
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Arabidopsis MAPK signaling pathways and their cross talks in abiotic stress response Kundan Kumar1
•
Susheel Kumar Raina2
•
Sheikh M. Sultan2
Received: 29 June 2020 / Accepted: 23 August 2020 Society for Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2020
Abstract Plants, being sessile in nature have developed refined mechanisms to rapidly sense changing environment and protect themselves from environmental stresses. Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade are the common mechanisms for translating the extreneous environmental signal to molecular and cellular responses. MAPK signaling component involves reversible phosphorylation at specific residue, where upstream activator MAPK kinase kinases (MAPKKKs) activate MAPK kinases (MAPKKs). MAPKK further activate MAPKs, which in turn target various effector proteins or transcription factor and thus causes various cellular and stress response. In plants, MAPK cascades are associated with the signaling of numerous environmental cues and plant growth and development. MAPK pathways are widely studied and functionally characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana, a well-established model plant for molecular and genetic studies. Arabidopsis genome has 20 MAPKs, 10 MAPKKs and 80 MAPKKKs, most of which are still functionally uncharacterized. Much of the studies have been focused on lower tier of MAPK cascade and complete pathways under abiotic stresses are largely unknown. The present review highlights Arabidopsis MAPK pathway activation and responses involved in various abiotic stresses viz. salt, drought, heat, cold, heavy metal, wounding and oxidative stress. The cross talks of Arabidopsis MAPK signaling pathway in abiotic stress responses are also discussed. Keywords Arabidopsis thaliana Abiotic stress Cross talk MAPK Signaling Cross talk Abbreviations MAPK/MPK MAPKK/MKK MAPKKK/ MEKK VPD CTR1 EDR1 Raf ABA SOS1 PLD
Mitogen activated protein kinase Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinase Vapour pressure deficit Constitutive triple response 1 Enhanced disease resistance 1 Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma Abscisic acid Salt overly sensitive 1 Phospholipase D
& Kundan Kumar [email protected] & Susheel Kumar Raina [email protected] 1
Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, K. K. Birla Goa Campus, Goa 403726, India
2
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 191132, India
PA ZAT6 MYB41 MYC2 NaCl H2Bub1 ZFP P5CS1 ROS HSP AP2 ERF APX H2O2 NO
Phosphatidic acid Zinc finger transcription factor Myb domain protein 41 MYC2 transcription factor Sodium chloride Histone H2B monoubiquitination C2H2-type Zinc Finger Protein Delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1 Reactive oxygen species Heat shock proteins Apetala 2 Ethylene response factor Ascorbate peroxidase Hydrogen peroxide Nitric oxide
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J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol.
Introduction Devastating environmental changes world-wide have been posi
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