Roles of brassinosteroids in plant growth and abiotic stress response
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REVIEW PAPER
Roles of brassinosteroids in plant growth and abiotic stress response Simin Li1 · Hongxiang Zheng1 · Lin Lin3 · Fang Wang2 · Na Sui1 Received: 23 August 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Brassinosteroids (BRs) are widely used class of natural steroidal plant hormones. BRs take part in the regulation of growth and development of plants, maintaining BRs homeostasis, and allowing adaptation to environmental changes through the life cycle. They also play an important role in abiotic stress responses such as drought, salinity, high temperature, low temperature and heavy metal stresses. Through the signal transduction pathway, BRs interact with a variety of transcription factors via a series of phosphorylation cascades to regulate the expression of BR target genes. Thus, they regulate the various growth and development processes of plants. BRs crosstalk with different hormones to regulate plant physiology and development. This review primarily introduces the signaling pathways of BRs, their role in regulating plant growth and development, abiotic stresses, and their interaction with other plant hormones at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Our review of this topic will provide a complete reference for the study and utilization of BRs in the future. Keywords Brassinosteroids (BRs) · Plant growth and development · Signaling crosstalk · Stress response
Introduction Plant hormones are many molecules signals which produced by plants. These molecules can be transported to various locations throughout the plant, and they play an essential role in regulating plant growth and development (Lee et al. 2019). Current research suggests that plant hormones may be the initiating factor for the expression of resistance genes. Adverse conditions change the balance of source hormones in plants, leading to changes in metabolic pathways, which may be the result of the activation and expression of resistance genes (Wang 2010). Brassinosteroids (BRs) are important plant hormones, which are involved in the regulation of plant growth and development, and in general, a certain concentration of BRs
* Na Sui [email protected] 1
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
3
Water Research Institute of Shandong Province, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
can increase crop yield, crop quality, and also play an important role in improving crop stress resistance. Brassinolide, a plant growth-promoting steroid, was isolated from Brassica napus pollen in 1979 (Grove et al. 1979). In 1998, at the 13th Annual Meeting of International Plant Growth Substances, it was confirmed as the sixth class of plant hormones. The five classes previously known plant hormones are auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA) and cytokinin (CTK), abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ETH
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