Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) Markers Based Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Oil
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Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP) Markers Based Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Lixia Zhou 1 & Rajesh Yarra 1 & Hongxing Cao 1 & Zhihao Zhao 1 Received: 30 September 2020 / Accepted: 4 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is the key vegetable oil yielded crop and widely distributed in the southern region of China. The present study aimed at analyzing the genetic diversity and population structure of 223 oil palm accessions collected from four provinces of China by using the sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. A set of 33 SRAP molecular markers were employed to analyze genetic diversity as well as population structure across 223 oil palm accessions. Out of 514 amplified bands, 487 (94.75%) bands were found to be polymorphic. The PIC value (polymorphic information content) of detected bands was from 0.38 to 0.51, with 0.46 of average. The STRUCTURE analysis categorized the 223 oil palm accessions into three subpopulations. The UPGMA based clustering classified them into three major clusters. The correlation between the population subdivisions and the genetic relationships among oil palm accessions was revealed by UPGMA and Bayesian STRUCTURE analyses. The principal coordinate analysis also confirmed a similar grouping of accessions as revealed by the UPGMA dendrogram and STRUCTURE analysis. AMOVA analysis also revealed the variance of 24% among subpopulations and 76% within subpopulations. The present investigation provided valuable information on population structure and genetic diversity of oil palm populations in China for molecular breeding research in oil palm. Keywords Oil palm . SRAP markers . Population structure . Genetic diversity
Abbreviations SRAP Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
Introduction Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq., 2n = 32) is mainly originated in Africa, Southeast Asia, and South America. It is a wellknown and promising vegetable oil yielding crop in the world (Yarra et al. 2019; Bai et al. 2018; Zhu et al. 2018). It is currently being grown commercially in the tropics, particularly in Malaysia and Indonesia (Shevade and Loboda 2019; Communicated by: Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang * Hongxing Cao [email protected] 1
Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wenchang, Hainan, China
Xiao et al. 2014). The oil palm plantation has been started in China since 1926. However, a large number of Dura plants from Indonesia were planted in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces of China in 1941 and oil palm plants from Malaysia were planted in Guangdong, Yunnan, Hainan, and Guangxi provinces of China in 1999 (Xia et al. 2019; Lei and Cao 2013). Presently, these provinces have a rich oil palm planting; however, the genetic relationship and population structure of oil palm germplasm resources in China
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