Atorvastatin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Promising Approach for Dermal Delivery and an Anti-inflammatory Agent
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Research Article Atorvastatin Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Promising Approach for Dermal Delivery and an Anti-inflammatory Agent Seyed Sadegh Shahraeini,1 Jafar Akbari,1 Majid Saeedi,1 Katayoun Morteza-Semnani,2 Shidrokh Abootorabi,1 Milad Dehghanpoor,1 Seyyed Sohrab Rostamkalaei,3,4,6 and Ali Nokhodchi5,6
Received 27 May 2020; accepted 28 August 2020 Abstract. In the current research, the main focus was to overcome dermal delivery problems of atorvastatin. To this end, atorvastatin solid lipid nanoparticles (ATR-SLNs) were prepared by ultra-sonication technique. The prepared SLNs had a PDI value of ≤ 0.5, and the particle size of nanoparticles was in the range 71.07 ± 1.72 to 202.07 ± 8.40 nm. It was noticed that, when the concentration of lipid in ATR-SLNs increased, the size of nanoparticles and drug entrapment efficiency were also increased. Results showed that a reduction in the HLB of surfactants used in the preparation of SLN caused an increase in the particle size, zeta potential (better stability), and drug entrapment efficiency. Despite Tween and Span are non-ionic surfactants, SLNs containing these surfactants showed a negative zeta potential, and the absolute zeta potential increased when the concentration of Span 80 was at maximum. DSC thermograms, FTIR spectra, and x-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern showed good incorporation of ATR in the nanoparticles without any chemical interaction. In vitro skin permeation results showed that SLN containing atorvastatin was capable of enhancing the dermal delivery of atorvastatin where a higher concentration of atorvastatin can be detected in skin layers. This is a hopeful promise which could be developed for clinical studies of the dermal delivery of atorvastatin nanoparticles as an anti-inflammatory agent. KEY WORDS: solid lipid nanoparticles; atorvastatin; HLB; anti-inflammatory effects; scalp seborrheic dermatitis; inflammatory; dermal drug delivery.
INTRODUCTION To achieve a better transdermal delivery, it is important to overcome skin barriers, particularly the stratum corneum (1). It has been shown that formulations containing nanoparticles can pass through the skin layers efficiently to improve the percutaneous absorption of drugs without making any modifications in the chemical assembly of drugs (2,3). Although there are many different types of nanocarriers, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have been widely used recently which is due to many advantages of SLNs over conventional formulations such as excellent physical stability, 1
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 2 Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. 3 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran. 4 Medicinal Plant Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol, Iran. 5 Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton
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