Autophagy-mediating microRNAs in cancer chemoresistance
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REVIEW
Autophagy-mediating microRNAs in cancer chemoresistance Yuanming Jing & Wenqing Liang & Jian Liu & Lin Zhang & Jianguo Wei & Jianhui Yang & Yu Zhang & Zongliang Huang
Received: 29 May 2020 / Accepted: 13 August 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Chemoresistance is a complex phenomenon responsible for failure in response to chemotherapy agents and more than 90% of deaths in cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), as a subgroup of non-coding RNAs with lengths between 21 and 25 nucleotides, are involved in various cancer processes like chemoresistance via interacting with their target mRNAs and suppressing their expression. Autophagy is a greatly conserved procedure involving the lysosomal degradation of cytoplasmic
contents and organelles to deal with environmental stresses like hypoxia and starvation. Autophagy contributes to response to chemotherapy agents: autophagy can act as a protective mechanism for mediating the resistance in response to chemotherapy or can induce autophagic cell death and mediate the sensitivity to chemotherapy. On the other hand, one of the processes targeted by microRNAs in the regulation of chemoresistance is autophagy. Hence, we studied the literatures on chemoresistance
Highlights • There are various players in resistance to chemotherapy. • MicroRNAs are dysregulated in cancer cells and mediate chemoresistance. • MicroRNAs can mediate chemoresistance by inducing or inhibiting autophagy. Y. Jing : L. Zhang : J. Wei : J. Yang : Y. Zhang Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing 312000 Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
Y. Jing e-mail: [email protected] L. Zhang e-mail: [email protected] J. Wei e-mail: [email protected] J. Yang e-mail: [email protected]
Y. Zhang e-mail: [email protected] W. Liang Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing 312000 Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] J. Liu Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Oriental Hepatobiliary Hospital, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected] Z. Huang (*) Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai 200065, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
Cell Biol Toxicol
mechanisms, the miRNAs’ role in cancer, and the miRNAs’ role in chemoresistance by modulating autophagy.
Keywords Autophagy . Cancer . Chemoresistance . Hypoxia . MicroRNA
Introduction Cancer is one of the primary causes of death in humans, and it is estimated 23.6 million novel cases of cancer in the world in 2030 (Bray et al. 2018) to 29.4 million in 2040 (Wild 2019). Despite the advent of new therapeutic interventions, such as immunotherapy and virotherapy, in cancer, chemotherapy is still the most common and first line of treatment. Although chemotherapeutic agents have made great progress, the occurrence of
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