Bacterial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Anabasis aphylla in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China
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Bacterial Diversity in the Rhizosphere of Anabasis aphylla in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China Yalin Jiao1 · Guangming Chu1 · Zhen’an Yang2 · Ying Wang1 · Mei Wang1 Received: 24 January 2020 / Accepted: 21 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Bacteria are the most abundant soil microbes and are sensitive to environmental change, especially soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. The bacterial diversity of rhizosphere and bulk soils associated with desert plants is not well understood. In this study, we measured the properties of rhizosphere and bulk soils at different depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, and 60–80 cm), the diversity of bacterial communities (16S rDNA amplicon sequencing), and their relationships with Anabasis aphylla in the southern margin of the Gurbantunggut Desert, Junggar Basin, China. A total of 11,420 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from 40 soil samples, belonging to 641 genera, 269 families, 137 orders, 61 classes, and 44 phyla. There were significant differences in electrical conductivity (EC), available nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and bacterial diversity. The dominant bacterial communities of the rhizosphere and bulk soils at the phylum level were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the dominant communities of the rhizosphere and bulk soils were Halomonas and Glycomyces, respectively. At different soil depths, the abundances of bacteria in the soil were 10.2% (0–20 cm) > 8.4% (20–40 cm) > 8.3% (60–80 cm) > 6.2% (40–60 cm). Our results indicate that bacteria in the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, as well as the genus Halomonas, are key to the drought and salt tolerance of A. aphylla.
Introduction Bacteria are the most abundant microbes in the rhizosphere (106–109 bacteria per gram of rhizosphere soil) and affect plants [1, 2]. Bacteria are involved in the decomposition of organic matter, circulation of nutrients, energy conversion, etc.[3]. Bacterial strains can cover up to 15% of the total root surface [4]. According to their effects on plants, rhizosphere bacteria can be divided into three kinds: beneficial (2–5%), Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-020-02177-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Guangming Chu [email protected] * Zhen’an Yang [email protected] 1
Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (China West Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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harmful (8–15%), and neutral (80–90%). The rhizosphere contains a large amount of organic nutrients [5], which attract surrounding microbes and can be used as energy for bacteria and other microbes to promote plant growth [6]. This growth then affects the number and structure of microbial communities [7,
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