Biochemical responses of pathogen infestation-cum-salinity stress in Zat12 wheat transgenics
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Biochemical responses of pathogen infestation‑cum‑salinity stress in Zat12 wheat transgenics Manpreet Kaur1 · Bavita Asthir1 · Gurpreet Kaur1 Received: 15 July 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2020
Abstract Investigation of Zat12-induced biochemical responses was carried out in Zat12 transgenic lines (Z-8-12 1A, Z-8-12 1B, Z-8-19 and Z-15-10) generated from wheat cv. PBW621 in response to pathogen infection and salinity stress (150 and 250 mM NaCl). Pathogen infection (after 48 h) led to a significant increase in ascorbate levels and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) along with decreased hydrogen peroxide ( H2O2) and malondialdehyde content in Zat12 transgenics as compared to PBW621. However, under salinity stress (250 mM NaCl), a marked elevation in H 2O2 and malondialdehyde content followed by low content of ascorbate and ascorbate peroxidase activity was found in PBW621 as compared to transgenics. The results thus emphasized that the transformed lines combat abiotic and biotic stress by accumulating higher ascorbate via increased activity of APX triggered by Zat12 gene, suggesting low membrane injury and higher antioxidant potential in these lines. Histochemical localization pattern also revealed correlation of H2O2 with activity of ascorbate peroxidase in Zat12 transgenics. Keywords Antioxidant · Transgenics · Transcription factor · Oxidative stress · SDS-PAGE Abbreviations APX Ascorbate peroxidase DAB 3,3-Diaminobenzidine MDA Malondialdehyde ROS Reactive oxygen species
Introduction Globally wheat is grown on 219.70 million hectares area with production of 755.2 mt (Source: USDA 2017) and is one of the four major cereals in the world, while its growth and production are severely affected by adverse abiotic and biotic stresses (Afzal et al. 2015). The various stress combinations are common to many agricultural areas affecting crop yield. Salinity and plant pathogen epitomize a brilliant illustration which co-occurs in the field and influence crop growth and productivity (Munns and Gilliham 2015). Salinity affects many agricultural areas of the globe, and 60% loss of wheat crop production is caused by salt stress (Xie et al. * Bavita Asthir [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
2016). However, it is reported that salinity favored disease development in tomato caused due to Oidiumneo lycopersici (Kissoudis et al. 2014) and increased tomato susceptibility to Phytophthora infestans and Pseudomonas syringae (Thaler and Bostock 2004). Some pathovars of Pseudomonas species affect wheat; for instance, P. syringae pv. syringae is responsible for reduction and causes dieback or leaf blight disease. In wheat, the foremost attention is toward the fungal disease and explicit studies on impact of bacterial pathogens are limited. Although, in many countries, the occurrence of P. syringae pv. syringae has been reported only once (Kazempour et al. 2010), their broad host range and transmission through s
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