Biogenic titanium nanoparticles (TiO 2 NPs) from Tricoderma citrinoviride extract: synthesis, characterization and antib
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Biogenic titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) from Tricoderma citrinoviride extract: synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity against extremely drug‑resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sagar Arya1 · Hiralal Sonawane2 · Siddharam Math2 · Popat Tambade3 · Manohar Chaskar4 · Dnyaneshwar Shinde4 Received: 26 July 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Islamic Azad University 2020
Abstract Green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted significant attention as an alternative to chemical synthesis procedure. The bulk availability of plants, microbial biomass and the use of eco-friendly solvents has significantly reduced the cost in addition to the hazards associated with the chemical synthesis of the nanoparticle. In this study, we demonstrated the biosynthesis of titanium nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) with the extract of Trichoderma citrinoviridae as a reducing agent. The physicochemical properties of biogenic T iO2NPs were studied using FESEM, Zeta sizer, FTIR and XRD. The size (10–400 nm), morphology, crystallinity, zeta potential (29.5 mV), and polydispersity index (0.327) suggested that the biogenic TiO2NPs were polymorphic, crystalline and stable. FESEM revealed that the synthesized TiO2NPs were majorly irregular, and some interesting TiO2NPs structures, i.e., triangular, pentagonal, spherical and rod were also observed. The biogenic T iO2NPs showed excellent antibacterial activity (100 µg/mL) against planktonic cells of extremely drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. The TiO2NPs also had better antioxidant potential as compared to standard gallic acid. This study indicates the use of T. citrinoviridae for synthesizing biogenic TiO2NPs and their potential use against XDR bacteria. Graphic abstract
Keywords Trichoderma citrinoviridae · Titanium nanoparticles · TiO2NPs · Pseudomonas aeruginosa · Antibacterial activity · Antioxidant activity Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Vol.:(0123456789)
International Nano Letters
Introduction Improvements in green nanotechnology have found prospects in areas of medicine, health-care, agriculture and other commercial sectors [1]. Biogenic nanoparticles (NPs) are now looked upon as a promising and attractive alternative to costly and chemically synthesized NPs that involve the use of hazardous chemicals. Green synthesis procedure with plant and microbial extracts are more safe, reliable, sustainable and eco-friendly. The molecules from plant and microbial extracts act as capping/reducing agents for NPs and, thus, increase their bioactivity, biocompatibility, and environmental sustainability [2]. Among microbes, extensive reports are available on the fungal extract mediated green synthesis of NPs. Fungimediated synthesis of metal/metal oxide NPs (Ag, Au, ZnO, CeO, TiO, CuO) is well studied [3–8]. Trichoderma is one such genus of fungi in the family Hypoceraceae, that are prevalent in all soils and are counted amongst the most laboratory culturable fungi. Various species belongin
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