Biological and Chemical Assessment of Ochrosia elliptica Labill Leaves
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Biological and Chemical Assessment of Ochrosia elliptica Labill Leaves Riham A. El-Shiekh1 · Dalia A. Al-Mahdy1 · Mohamed S. Hifnawy1 · Essam Abdel-Sattar1 Received: 18 June 2020 / Accepted: 23 September 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Ochrosia elliptica Labill is a small tropical evergreen tree native to Oceania belonging to the Apocynaceae family. Eight alkaloids, two flavonoid glycosides and three phenolic acids were identified by LC/MS analysis. On the other hand, the quality and uniformity of the plant leaves were assessed through the determination of the total phenolic and flavonoid, in addition to total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble ash and moisture content. The total ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves of O. elliptica as well as their fractions were investigated for their antinociceptive (analgesic) using tail-flick test and antimicrobial activities using agar well diffusion assay. Among the tested fractions, the results showed that the n-butanol fraction exhibited high potency as antinociceptive compared to indomethacin drug and as antifungal compared to amphotericin B. Keywords Ochrosia elliptica · Alkaloids · LC/MS · Antimicrobial · Antinociceptive · Analgesic
1 Introduction Medicinal plants have been reported a lot for their potential in the treatment of several diseases since the available synthetic medications have been negatively pointed out due to their related toxicity and adverse effects [1, 2]. Plants and their phytoconstituents have been used in folk and modern medicine purposes as antioxidant, antiarthritic, cytotoxic, analgesic, antidepressant, neuroprotective, antiinflammatory, wound-healing and antimicrobial [3–10]. Apocynaceae is a large and important family, known for its potentials in the treatment of several disorders [11]. Genus Ochrosia has been previously reported to have antimalarial, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities [12]. It is rich in various secondary metabolites including indole alkaloids, lignans, coumarins, triterpenes and phenolics [13, 14]. Ochrosia elliptica Labill. (F. Apocynaceae) is small evergreen tree that belongs to subfamily Plumerioideae of the tribe Rauwolfieae. More than 45 different indole alkaloids have been isolated and identified from these species [15]. Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis for polar metabolites in addition to quantitative anal-
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Essam Abdel-Sattar [email protected]
ysis of the active constituents was performed, to get a full picture on its chemical profile. Ash figures are regarded as a general measure of quality, so total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble ash and moisture content of the leaves were estimated. Reviewing the current literature, no report was found concerning the antinociceptive activity (analgesic) and few reports concerning the antibacterial activity of genus Ochrosia [12, 15, 16]. Therefore, it was of interest to test the ethanolic, aqueous extracts and t
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